From: Endocarditis with spondylodiscitis: clinical characteristics and prognosis
Total (363) | SD (29) | No SD (334) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 65.2 ± 14.9 | 64.6 ± 12.8 | 65.3 ± 15.1 | NS |
Gender (male), n (%) | 240 (66) | 25 (96) | 215 (64) | 0.017 |
BMI, mean ± SD | 24.9 ± 4.1 | 25.3 ± 4.0 | 24.9 ± 4.1 | NS |
Renal failure, n (%) | 96 (26) | 5 (17) | 91 (27) | NS |
Mild n (%) | 42 (42) | 2 (40) | 40 (44) | NS |
Moderate n (%) | 33 (35) | 2 (40) | 31 (34) | NS |
Severe n (%) | 13 (15) | 0 (0) | 13 (14) | NS |
On Dialysis n (%) | 8 (8) | 1 (20) | 7 (8) | NS |
Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 212 (58) | 15 (52) | 197 (59) | NS |
Previous malignancies, n (%) | 80 (22) | 6 (20) | 74 (22) | NS |
Drug abuse, n (%) | 43 (12) | 8 (27) | 35 (10) | 0.006 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 68 (19) | 10 (34) | 58 (17) | 0.023 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 110 (33) | 11 (37) | 99 (29) | NS |
Pacemaker, n (%) | 42 (12) | 4 (14) | 38 (12) | NS |
Prosthetic valve, n (%) | 132 (38) | 8 (28) | 124 (37) | NS |
First episode of IE, n (%) | 330 (91) | 26 (90) | 304 (91) | NS |
Euroscore 2, mean ± SD | 12.4 ± 16.5 | 8.5 ± 7.4 | 12.7 ± 17.0 | NS |
Systemic embolism, n (%) | 129 (35) | 12 (41) | 117 (35) | NS |
Cerebral embolism | 74 (51) | 3 (10) | 71 (21) | NS |
Retinal embolism | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | NS |
Coronary embolism | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | NS |
Extremities embolism | 11 (3) | 1 (3) | 10 (3) | NS |
Abdominal embolism | 40 (11) | 4 (14) | 36 (11) | NS |
Pulmonary embolism, n (%) | 20 (5) | 5 (17) | 15 (5) | 0.015 |
Perivalvular extension, n (%) | 84 (23) | 3 (10) | 81 (24) | NS |
Severe valvular dysfunction, n (%) | 172 (47) | 16 (55) | 156 (47) | NS |
Vegetation length (mm), mean ± SD | 9.1 ± 7.6 | 10.4 ± 5.6 | 9.0 ± 7.8 | NS |
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (%), mean ± SD | 56.7 ± 9.9 | 58.2 ± 7.4 | 56.6 ± 10.1 | NS |
TAPSE (mm), mean ± SD | 20.8 ± 5.6 | 21.7 ± 6.4 | 20.7 ± 5.5 | NS |
Valve repair in surgical patients, n/tot (%) | 40/286 (14) | 8/25 (32) | 32/261 (12) | 0.007 |
Streptococcus Viridans, n (%) | 62 (16) | 10 (35) | 52 (16) | 0.009 |
Streptococcus bovis, n (%) | 25 (7) | 1 (3) | 24 (7) | NS |
Staphylococcus aureus, n (%) | 64 (18) | 3 (10) | 61 (18) | NS |
Negative coagulase Staphylococci, n (%) | 46 (13) | 1 (3) | 45 (13) | NS |
Enterococci, n (%) | 65 (18) | 10 (35) | 55 (16) | 0.015 |
Other, n (%) | 27 (7) | 2 (7) | 25 (8) | NS |
Negative culture, n (%) | 74 (20) | 2 (7) | 72 (22) | NS |