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Table 1 Baseline demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and microbiologic characteristics of 363 patients with IE, by presence of associated spondylodiscitis (SD)

From: Endocarditis with spondylodiscitis: clinical characteristics and prognosis

 

Total (363)

SD (29)

No SD (334)

p value

Age (years), mean ± SD

65.2 ± 14.9

64.6 ± 12.8

65.3 ± 15.1

NS

Gender (male), n (%)

240 (66)

25 (96)

215 (64)

0.017

BMI, mean ± SD

24.9 ± 4.1

25.3 ± 4.0

24.9 ± 4.1

NS

Renal failure, n (%)

96 (26)

5 (17)

91 (27)

NS

Mild n (%)

42 (42)

2 (40)

40 (44)

NS

Moderate n (%)

33 (35)

2 (40)

31 (34)

NS

Severe n (%)

13 (15)

0 (0)

13 (14)

NS

On Dialysis n (%)

8 (8)

1 (20)

7 (8)

NS

Arterial hypertension, n (%)

212 (58)

15 (52)

197 (59)

NS

Previous malignancies, n (%)

80 (22)

6 (20)

74 (22)

NS

Drug abuse, n (%)

43 (12)

8 (27)

35 (10)

0.006

Diabetes, n (%)

68 (19)

10 (34)

58 (17)

0.023

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

110 (33)

11 (37)

99 (29)

NS

Pacemaker, n (%)

42 (12)

4 (14)

38 (12)

NS

Prosthetic valve, n (%)

132 (38)

8 (28)

124 (37)

NS

First episode of IE, n (%)

330 (91)

26 (90)

304 (91)

NS

Euroscore 2, mean ± SD

12.4 ± 16.5

8.5 ± 7.4

12.7 ± 17.0

NS

Systemic embolism, n (%)

129 (35)

12 (41)

117 (35)

NS

 Cerebral embolism

74 (51)

3 (10)

71 (21)

NS

 Retinal embolism

4 (1)

0 (0)

4 (1)

NS

 Coronary embolism

2 (1)

0 (0)

2 (1)

NS

 Extremities embolism

11 (3)

1 (3)

10 (3)

NS

 Abdominal embolism

40 (11)

4 (14)

36 (11)

NS

Pulmonary embolism, n (%)

20 (5)

5 (17)

15 (5)

0.015

Perivalvular extension, n (%)

84 (23)

3 (10)

81 (24)

NS

Severe valvular dysfunction, n (%)

172 (47)

16 (55)

156 (47)

NS

Vegetation length (mm), mean ± SD

9.1 ± 7.6

10.4 ± 5.6

9.0 ± 7.8

NS

Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (%), mean ± SD

56.7 ± 9.9

58.2 ± 7.4

56.6 ± 10.1

NS

TAPSE (mm), mean ± SD

20.8 ± 5.6

21.7 ± 6.4

20.7 ± 5.5

NS

Valve repair in surgical patients, n/tot (%)

40/286 (14)

8/25 (32)

32/261 (12)

0.007

Streptococcus Viridans, n (%)

62 (16)

10 (35)

52 (16)

0.009

Streptococcus bovis, n (%)

25 (7)

1 (3)

24 (7)

NS

Staphylococcus aureus, n (%)

64 (18)

3 (10)

61 (18)

NS

Negative coagulase Staphylococci, n (%)

46 (13)

1 (3)

45 (13)

NS

Enterococci, n (%)

65 (18)

10 (35)

55 (16)

0.015

Other, n (%)

27 (7)

2 (7)

25 (8)

NS

Negative culture, n (%)

74 (20)

2 (7)

72 (22)

NS

  1. BMI body mass index. Renal failure: GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (Mild, GFR 45–59; Moderate, GFR 30–44; Severe, GFR 15–29); TAPSE tricuspid annular plane excursion