Table 3 Authors’ risk of bias assessment for the 12 studies included in the meta-analysis
First author (references) | Selection bias | Performance bias | Detection bias | Attrition bias | Other sources of bias | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding of participants and personnela | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Intention to treat analysis | ||
SBP | TC | ||||||
Simons-Morton [34] | Low | Low | High | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Lindström [30] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Esposito [25] | Low | Low | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Hjerkinn [27] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Ratner [31] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Anderssen [23] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Lawton [29] | Low | Low | High | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Eriksson [24] | Low | Low | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Kuller [28] | Low | Low | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Vetter [32] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Goyer [26] | Low | Low | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Lee [33] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |