Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients grouped by sdLDL-C quartile
sdLDL-C | Total | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 18.5 mg/dL | 18.5–25.5 mg/dL | 25.5–35.1 mg/dL | ≥ 35.1 mg/dL | |||
N (%) | 6092 (100) | 1593 (26.1) | 1479 (24.3) | 1516 (24.9) | 1504 (24.7) | – |
Age, y | 60.2 ± 10.13 | 62.1 ± 9.9 | 60.7 ± 9.97 | 59.6 ± 9.71 | 58.2 ± 10.54 | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 4586 (75.3) | 1229 (77.2) | 1140 (77.1) | 1143 (75.4) | 1074 (71.4) | 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.9 ± 3.33 | 25.2 ± 3.27 | 25.8 ± 3.27 | 26.3 ± 3.38 | 26.4 ± 3.26 | < 0.001 |
Obesity, n (%) | 1397 (24.1) | 284 (18.8) | 327 (23.1) | 403 (27.7) | 383 (27.1) | < 0.001 |
Heart rate, bpm | 72.1 ± 12.02 | 71.6 ± 11.29 | 71.9 ± 12.12 | 72.1 ± 12.03 | 73.1 ± 12.59 | 0.004 |
SBP, mmHg | 128.2 ± 21.14 | 126.9 ± 20.8 | 128.3 ± 21.17 | 128.1 ± 21.22 | 129.6 ± 21.32 | 0.005 |
Medical history and risk factors, n (%) | ||||||
Current smoker | 2200 (36.1) | 509 (32) | 549 (37.1) | 542 (35.8) | 600 (39.9) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 3941 (64.7) | 1029 (64.6) | 914 (61.8) | 1024 (67.5) | 974 (64.8) | 0.013 |
Diabetes | 2712 (44.5) | 692 (43.4) | 642 (43.4) | 658 (43.4) | 720 (47.9) | 0.028 |
Dyslipidaemia | 4512 (74.1) | 1123 (70.5) | 1077 (72.8) | 1118 (73.7) | 1194 (79.4) | < 0.001 |
Previous MI | 723 (11.9) | 199 (12.5) | 191 (12.9) | 190 (12.5) | 143 (9.5) | 0.013 |
Previous Stroke | 278 (4.6) | 88 (5.5) | 62 (4.2) | 73 (4.8) | 55 (3.7) | 0.075 |
Previous PCI | 1453 (23.9) | 386 (24.2) | 388 (26.2) | 358 (23.6) | 321 (21.3) | 0.019 |
Previous CABG | 153 (2.5) | 48 (3) | 36 (2.4) | 37 (2.4) | 32 (2.1) | 0.456 |
Laboratory tests | ||||||
Cr, μmol/L | 77.9 ± 51.62 | 82 ± 69.37 | 77.1 ± 46.53 | 77.6 ± 47.82 | 74.7 ± 35.16 | 0.001 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | 123.6 ± 36.4 | 121.3 ± 32.87 | 123.3 ± 29.6 | 123.4 ± 29.68 | 126.5 ± 49.61 | 0.001 |
FBG, mmol/L | 7 ± 2.54 | 6.8 ± 2.32 | 6.9 ± 2.44 | 7 ± 2.42 | 7.4 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
HbA1C,% | 6.6 ± 1.38 | 6.5 ± 1.25 | 6.6 ± 1.3 | 6.6 ± 1.31 | 6.8 ± 1.6 | < 0.001 |
TC, mg/dL | 158.8 ± 41.14 | 124.4 ± 22.06 | 145.1 ± 25.08 | 164 ± 26.81 | 203.5 ± 39.17 | < 0.001 |
TG, mg/dL | 123.2 (88.5–176.2) | 85.1 (65.1–107.6) | 109.4 (86.8–145.8) | 142.8 (109.4–189.2) | 180.5 (137.1–243.9) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 41.4 ± 9.66 | 42.2 ± 10.16 | 41.3 ± 10.06 | 40.5 ± 9.44 | 41.5 ± 8.85 | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 93.2 ± 34.31 | 65 ± 16.66 | 83.2 ± 20.12 | 97.4 ± 23.63 | 128.8 ± 35.87 | < 0.001 |
hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.35 (0.6–3.4) | 1.0 (0.4–2.7) | 1.2 (0.5–3.2) | 1.5 (0.6–3.4) | 1.8 (0.8–4.2) | < 0.001 |
TNI, μg/L | 0.9 ± 5.34 | 0.7 ± 4.87 | 0.5 ± 3.42 | 0.9 ± 5.46 | 1.5 ± 6.99 | < 0.001 |
LVEF,% | 61.2 ± 7.74 | 60.8 ± 7.65 | 61 ± 7.98 | 61.4 ± 7.61 | 61.6 ± 7.69 | 0.302 |
ACS type, n (%) | ||||||
Unstable angina | 5286 (86.8) | 1410 (88.5) | 1303 (88.1) | 1303 (85.9) | 1270 (84.4) | 0.002 |
AMI | 806 (13.2) | 183 (11.5) | 176 (11.9) | 213 (14.1) | 234 (15.6) | - |
Medication on admission, n (%) | ||||||
Aspirin | 4944 (81.2) | 1298 (81.5) | 1229 (83.1) | 1215 (80.1) | 1202 (79.9) | 0.100 |
clopidogrel | 3159 (52.3) | 797 (50.5) | 803 (54.7) | 781 (52) | 778 (52) | 0.139 |
ticagrelor | 918 (15.2) | 231 (14.6) | 209 (14.2) | 244 (16.2) | 234 (15.7) | 0.392 |
statin | 5062 (83.1) | 1289 (80.9) | 1220 (82.5) | 1266 (83.5) | 1287 (85.6) | 0.006 |
Ezetimibe | 668 (11) | 147 (9.2) | 151 (10.2) | 168 (11.1) | 202 (13.4) | 0.002 |
Any antidiabetic agents | 1285 (21.1) | 344 (21.6) | 298 (20.1) | 301 (19.9) | 342 (22.7) | 0.181 |
Medication at discharge, n (%) | ||||||
Aspirin | 5956 (97.8) | 1555 (97.6) | 1451 (98.1) | 1482 (97.8) | 1468 (97.6) | 0.77 |
clopidogrel | 4289 (70.4) | 1130 (70.9) | 1059 (71.6) | 1027 (67.7) | 1073 (71.3) | 0.071 |
ticagrelor | 1803 (29.6) | 463 (29.1) | 420 (28.4) | 489 (32.3) | 431 (28.7) | 0.071 |
ACEI/ARB | 2655 (43.6) | 673 (42.2) | 652 (44.1) | 688 (45.4) | 642 (42.7) | 0.284 |
β-Blocker | 3926 (64.4) | 1034 (64.9) | 977 (66.1) | 959 (63.3) | 956 (63.6) | 0.352 |
statin | 5996 (98.4) | 1567 (98.4) | 1455 (98.4) | 1492 (98.4) | 1482 (98.5) | 0.981 |
Ezetimibe | 1219 (20) | 259 (16.3) | 255 (17.2) | 331 (21.8) | 374 (24.9) | < 0.001 |
Any antidiabetic agents | 2171 (35.6) | 562 (35.3) | 509 (34.4) | 516 (34) | 584 (38.8) | 0.024 |
Angiographic Coronary anatomy, n (%) | ||||||
Any left main disease | 1029 (16.9) | 262 (16.4) | 223 (15.1) | 273 (18) | 271 (18) | 0.094 |
Multivessel disease | 3597 (59) | 885 (55.6) | 818 (55.3) | 916 (60.4) | 978 (65) | < 0.001 |
Others | 2290 (37.6) | 648 (40.7) | 619 (41.9) | 546 (36) | 477 (31.7) | < 0.001 |
CTO | 928 (15.2) | 233 (14.6) | 253 (17.1) | 218 (14.4) | 224 (14.9) | 0.141 |
Lesions > 20 mm | 3703 (60.8) | 955 (59.9) | 844 (57.1) | 918 (60.6) | 986 (65.6) | < 0.001 |
Syntax | 14 ± 7.49 | 14.1 ± 7.39 | 13.5 ± 6.97 | 14.5 ± 7.97 | 14 ± 7.55 | 0.04 |
Treated vessel, n (%) | ||||||
LM | 623 (10.2) | 164 (10.3) | 138 (9.3) | 166 (10.9) | 155 (10.3) | 0.537 |
LAD | 3143 (51.6) | 833 (52.3) | 748 (50.6) | 775 (51.1) | 787 (52.3) | 0.709 |
LCX | 1763 (28.9) | 425 (26.7) | 423 (28.6) | 454 (29.9) | 461 (30.7) | 0.074 |
RCA | 2436 (40.0) | 647 (40.6) | 585 (39.6) | 614 (40.5) | 590 (39.2) | 0.824 |
DCB | 375 (6.2) | 110 (6.9) | 83 (5.6) | 89 (5.9) | 93 (6.2) | 0.471 |
FFR | 31 (0.5) | 14 (0.9) | 5 (0.3) | 6 (0.4) | 6 (0.4) | 0.117 |
IVUS | 137 (2.2) | 41 (2.6) | 44 (3.0) | 35 (2.3) | 17 (1.1) | 0.005 |
OCT | 108 (1.8) | 31 (1.9) | 23 (1.6) | 27 (1.8) | 27 (1.8) | 0.877 |
Number of stents | 1.7 ± 0.82 | 1.7 ± 0.82 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.84 | 1.7 ± 0.82 | 0.068 |
Total length of stents, mm | 39.9 ± 24.5 | 39.1 ± 25.56 | 38.8 ± 23.24 | 41.1 ± 24.7 | 40.4 ± 24.52 | 0.323 |