From: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and QTc prolongation
Clinical course/outcome | All patients (N = 279) | QTc prolongation (N = 69) | No QTc prolongation (N = 210) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Longest QTc measurement (msec) | 446 ± 37 | 492 ± 27.2 (462–600) | 431 ± 25.7 (294–471) | < 0.001 |
Cardiac arrest, n (%) | 1 (0.4) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0.566 |
EKG & cardiac rhythm abnormalities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 25 (9) | 9 (13) | 16 (8) | 0.175 |
Sustained VT, n (%) | 4 (1) | 2 (3) | 2 (1) | 0.240 |
1st degree heart block, n (%) | 6 (2) | 4 (6) | 2 (1) | 0.016 |
2nd (Type 2) or 3rd degree heart block, n (%) | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0.406 |
New left or right bundle branch block, n (%) | 24 (9) | 14 (20) | 10 (5) | < 0.001 |
Abnormal EKG, n (%) | 102 (37) | 58 (84) | 44 (21) | < 0.001 |
Any arrhythmia, n (%) | 40 (14) | 18 (26) | 22 (11) | 0.001 |
High troponin I, n (%) | 58 (22) | 21 (32) | 37 (18) | 0.021 |
Troponin I peak (ng/mL) | 0.34 ± 1.50 | 0.86 ± 2.60 | 0.16 ± 0.88 | 0.001 |
Abnormal BNP, n (%) | 45 (30) | 14 (33) | 31 (28) | 0.640 |
BNP peak (pg/mL) | 185 ± 299 | 277 ± 427 | 154 ± 236 | 0.064 |
High d-dimer, n (%) | 193 (73) | 54 (82) | 139 (70) | 0.052 |
D-dimer peak (ng/mL) | 3254 ± 8868 | 3979 ± 9035 | 3019 ± 8824 | 0.463 |
Acute myocardial infarction (not Type 2), n (%) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | 0.416 |
Type 2 myocardial infarction, n (%) | 26 (9) | 11 (16) | 15 (7) | 0.029 |
Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 111 (40) | 34 (49) | 77 (37) | 0.063 |
Peak creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.85 ± 2.15 | 2.50 ± 2.90 | 1.60 ± 1.80 | 0.004 |
New HD or CVVHD, n (%) | 7 (3) | 2 (3) | 5 (2) | 0.811 |
Hypokalemia, n (%) | 44 (16) | 15 (22) | 29 (14) | 0.117 |
Hypomagnesemia, n (%) | 39 (14) | 11 (16) | 18 (13) | 0.558 |
Invasive ventilation, n (%) | 52 (19) | 14 (20) | 38 (18) | 0.685 |
Shock of any type, n (%) | 45 (16) | 10 (15) | 35 (17) | 0.692 |
ARDS, n (%) | 43 (16) | 5 (7) | 38 (18) | 0.032 |
Ischemic Stroke, n (%) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | 0.415 |
DVT and/or PE, n (%) | 11 (4) | 2 (3) | 9 (4) | 0.603 |
Death, n (%) | 42 (15) | 14 (21) | 28 (13) | 0.151 |
Discharge | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Home, n (%) | 74 (62) | 33 (48) | 141 (67) | 0.023 |
SNF, n (%) | 60 (22) | 21 (30) | 39 (19) | Â |
LOS (days) | 9 ± 9 | 10 ± 11 | 9 ± 8 | 0.572 |
Cost of hospitalization (US dollars) | 92,973 ± 125,980 | 94,889 ± 126,219 | 87,142 ± 125,990 | 0.658 |
Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 177 (63) | 52 (75) | 125 (59) | 0.018 |
Azithromycin, n (%) | 27 (10) | 13 (18) | 14 (7) | 0.034 |
Hydroxychloroquine AND Azithromycin, n (%) | 35 (13) | 20 (29) | 15(7) | < 0.001 |
> 1 QT prolonging drug, n (%) | 108 (39) | 41 (59) | 67 (32) | < 0.001 |
In hospital: ACEi/ARNI, n (%) | 42 (15) | 5 (7) | 37 (18) | 0.037 |
In hospital: ARBs, n (%) | 32 (12) | 9 (13) | 23 (11) | 0.636 |