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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participants according to hypertensive status

From: The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

Variables

Total

Normotensive

Hypertensive

P*

(n = 21,103,790)

(n = 20,216,281)

(n = 887,509)

Gender, Female [n(%)]†

11,008,565 (52.16)

10,723,110 (53.04)

285,455 (32.16)

 < 0.001

Age, y (Mean ± SD)††

29.55 ± 6.19

29.39 ± 6.10

33.03 ± 7.16

 < 0.001

Ethnicity, Han [n (%)]

18,567,773 (87.98)

17,781,209 (87.95)

786,564 (88.63)

0.171

Area, Rural [n (%)]

18,348,932 (86.95)

17,625,871 (87.19)

723,061 (81.47)

 < 0.001

Region, South [n (%)]

12,248,880 (58.04)

11,719,810 (95.68)

529,070 (4.32)

 < 0.001

Education, Below High School [n (%)]

12,139,927 (57.52)

11,626,869 (57.51)

513,058 (57.81)

 < 0.001

Drinking, Yes [n (%)]

3,033,405 (14.39)

2,791,062 (13.82)

242,343 (27.33)

 < 0.001

Smoking, Yes [n (%)]

2,816,211 (13.36)

2,614,132 (12.94)

202,079 (22.79)

 < 0.001

Salt consumption, Excessive [n (%)]

5,416,550 (25.67)

5,125,161 (25.57)

291,389 (33.21)

 < 0.001

BMI, kg/m2 (Mean ± SD)

22.63 ± 3.32

22.52 ± 3.25

25.04 ± 4.06

 < 0.001

 < 18.5 [n (%)]

1,558,090 (7.38)

1,533,888 (7.59)

24,202 (2.73)

 

18.5–23.9 [n (%)]

13,382,798 (63.41)

13,029,173 (64.45)

353,625 (39.84)

 

24.0–27.9 [n (%)]

4,798,023 (22.74)

4,477,431 (22.15)

320,592 (36.12)

 

 ≥ 28 [n (%)]

1,327,226 (6.29)

1,140,466 (5.64)

186,760 (21.04)

 

Heart Rate, bp (Mean ± SD)

76.02 ± 7.76

75.85 ± 7.52

79.80 ± 11.32

 < 0.001

ALT, U/L (Median, IQR)

20.00,15.70

20.00, 15.00

26.00, 16.80

 < 0.001

Blood glucose, mmol/L (Mean ± SD)§

4.93 ± 1.00

4.92 ± 0.99

5.21 ± 1.42

 < 0.001

HBsAg, Positive [n (%)]

1,208,067 (5.73)

1,154,190 (5.71)

53,877 (6.08)

 < 0.001

History of Diabetes, Yes [n (%)]

10,047 (0.05)

8,210 (0.04)

1,837 (0.21)

 < 0.001

Overall stress, Yes [n (%)]

2,411,365 (11.47)

2,271,218 (11.27)

140,147 (15.85)

 < 0.001

  1. SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; IQR: interquartile range; HBsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen
  2. *Age and Sex adjusted P-value was calculated using Logistic Regression Model
  3. †Age adjusted P-value was calculated using Logistic Regression Model
  4. ††Sex adjusted P-value was calculated using Logistic Regression Model
  5. §Blood glucose was only measured among women