Characteristic | Normal dippers | Non dippers | Reverse dippers | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
24Â h ABPM averages | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 129.6 ± 14.1 | 133.9 ± 15.6 | 135.4 ± 15.9 | 0.002ab |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77.0 ± 9.7 | 76.1 ± 10.6 | 74.3 ± 11.7 | 0.18 |
Mean arterial blood pressure, mmHg | 95.1 ± 9.8 | 96.3 ± 10.5 | 95.8 ± 11.8 | 0.49 |
Pulse pressure, mmHg | 52.6 ± 11.8 | 57.8 ± 13.3 | 61.2 ± 10.9 | < 0.0001ab |
Day-time averages | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135.4 ± 14.9 | 135.9 ± 15.7 | 134.0 ± 15.9 | 0.71 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 81.3 ± 10.3 | 77.9 ± 10.6 | 74.2 ± 11.8 | < 0.0001ab |
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 99.9 ± 10.4 | 98.1 ± 10.5 | 95.3 ± 12.0 | 0.008b |
Pulse pressure, mmHg | 54.1 ± 12.60 | 57.9 ± 13.5 | 59.8 ± 10.7 | 0.0009ab |
Night-time averages | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 114.2 ± 12.0 | 128.1 ± 15.2 | 139.9 ± 16.3 | < 0.0001abc |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 65.6 ± 8.6 | 70.3 ± 9.7 | 74.7 ± 11.4 | < 0.0001abc |
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 82.7 ± 8.8 | 90.9 ± 10.3 | 97.6 ± 11.6 | < 0.0001abc |
Pulse pressure, mmHg | 48.7 ± 10.7 | 57.8 ± 12.8 | 65.2 ± 12.7 | < 0.0001abc |
Systolic blood pressure dip, % | 14.2 [12.2–18.4] | 6.0 [3.2 to 8.3] | − 3.8 [− 6.6 to − .2] | < 0.0001abc |
AASI | 0.39 ± 0.16 | 0.48 ± 0.17 | 0.56 ± 0.16 | < 0.0001abc |