|
Factors
|
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
|---|
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p
|
|---|
|
BMI > 25 kg/m2
|
1.23 (0.99–1.52)
|
0.065
| | |
|
Paroxysmal AF versus permanent AF
|
0.68 (0.55–0.84)
|
< 0.001
|
0.74 (0.55–1.00)
|
0.048
|
|
CAD
|
0.59 (0.47–0.74)
|
< 0.001
|
2.49 (1.76–3.52)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Heart failure
|
0.72 (0.58–0.89)
|
0.003
| | |
|
Ischemic stroke or TIA
|
2.54 (1.88–3.43)
|
< 0.001
|
1.85 (1.25–2.74)
|
0.002
|
|
PAD
|
0.54 (0.28–1.06)
|
0.072
| | |
|
On renal replacement therapy
|
0.31 (0.16–0.61)
|
0.001
| | |
|
Chronic liver disease
|
0.48 (0.23–1.02)
|
0.055
| | |
|
Antiplatelet use
|
0.03 (0.03–0.04)
|
< 0.001
|
0.02 (0.01–0.03)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Rate and rhythm control medications
| | | | |
|
Beta-blocker
|
1.34 (1.08–1.66)
|
0.008
|
1.81 (1.32–2.46)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Proton pump inhibitors
|
0.54 (0.43–0.67)
|
< 0.001
| | |
|
Statin
|
1.29 (1.04–1.59)
|
0.020
|
1.97 (1.43–2.72)
|
< 0.001
|
|
ACEI
|
1.34 (1.04–1.72)
|
0.024
| | |
|
Diuretic
|
1.22 (0.98–1.52)
|
0.076
| | |
- A p-value < 0.05 indicates statistical significance
- OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
