From: Natural history observations in moderate aortic stenosis
Variables | All patients | Patients without severe morbidities | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any death | Any death/HF hospitalization | Any death | Any death/HF hospitalization | |||||||||
HR | 95 % CI | p value | HR | 95 % CI | p value | HR | 95 % CI | p value | HR | 95 % CI | p value | |
Age (per 1-year) | 1.04 | 1.03–1.05 | < 0.001 | 1.03 | 1.02–1.05 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 1.04–1.06 | < 0.001 | 1.04 | 1.03–1.05 | < 0.001 |
BSA (per 1 kg/m2) | 0.50 | 0.29–0.85 | 0.010 | 0.60 | 0.37–0.98 | 0.041 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Occurrence of AVR* | 0.77 | 0.49–1.19 | 0.237 | 1.00 | 0.63–1.57 | 0.986 | 0.86 | 0.54–1.36 | 0.510 | 0.89 | 0.55–1.45 | 0.643 |
NYHA II | 1.39 | 1.09–1.76 | 0.007 | 1.37 | 1.10–1.70 | 0.005 | 1.37 | 1.06–1.78 | 0.016 | 1.29 | 1.02–1.64 | 0.034 |
NYHA III or IV | 1.67 | 1.20–2.31 | 0.002 | 1.38 | 1.01–1.90 | 0.045 | 1.72 | 1.20–2.47 | 0.003 | 1.45 | 1.02–2.04 | 0.036 |
Stroke/TIA | 1.44 | 1.14–1.83 | 0.002 | 1.32 | 1.05–1.66 | 0.016 | 1.58 | 1.22–2.03 | < 0.001 | 1.37 | 1.07–1.75 | 0.012 |
Hypertension | – | – | – | 1.41 | 1.10–1.82 | 0.007 | – | – | – | 1.35 | 1.03–1.78 | 0.031 |
Diabetes | 1.25 | 1.01–1.54 | 0.039 | 1.24 | 1.02–1.52 | 0.030 | – | – | – | 1.26 | 1.01–1.57 | 0.040 |
Chronic lung disease | 1.53 | 1.22–1.91 | < 0.001 | 1.35 | 1.09–1.68 | 0.007 | 1.52 | 1.17–1.96 | 0.002 | 1.44 | 1.12–1.85 | 0.004 |
CKD stage ≥ III | 1.43 | 1.16–1.77 | 0.001 | 1.24 | 1.00-1.53 | 0.046 | 1.41 | 1.12–1.78 | 0.003 | 1.33 | 1.06–1.67 | 0.014 |
Anemia | 1.60 | 1.30–1.98 | < 0.001 | 1.50 | 1.23–1.83 | < 0.001 | 1.64 | 1.32–2.04 | < 0.001 | 1.45 | 1.18–1.79 | 0.001 |
Liver cirrhosis | 3.36 | 1.75–6.45 | < 0.001 | 2.70 | 1.41–5.15 | 0.003 | 3.48 | 1.68–7.22 | < 0.001 | 2.22 | 1.07–4.59 | 0.032 |
Dementia | 1.85 | 1.31–2.61 | < 0.001 | 1.77 | 1.27–2.46 | 0.001 | 1.98 | 1.33–2.95 | < 0.001 | 1.59 | 1.07–2.35 | 0.022 |
Malignancy | 11.75 | 6.89–20.06 | < 0.001 | 7.57 | 4.50-12.73 | < 0.001 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Excessive frailty | 2.38 | 1.51–3.76 | < 0.001 | 2.90 | 1.85–4.56 | < 0.001 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
LV ejection fraction (per 1 %) | 0.98 | 0.98–0.99 | 0.001 | 0.98 | 0.97–0.99 | < 0.001 | 0.98 | 0.97–0.99 | 0.002 | 0.97 | 0.97–0.98 | < 0.001 |
Peak aortic velocity (per 1 m/s) | 1.37 | 1.13–1.67 | 0.002 | 1.37 | 1.14–1.64 | 0.001 | 1.34 | 1.08–1.67 | 0.008 | 1.39 | 1.14–1.70 | 0.001 |
≥ moderate TR | 1.47 | 1.13–1.92 | 0.005 | 1.32 | 1.01–1.72 | 0.041 | 1.47 | 1.09–1.98 | 0.012 | 1.43 | 1.08–1.91 | 0.014 |
≥ moderate RV dysfunction | 2.58 | 1.61–4.16 | < 0.001 | 2.03 | 1.27–3.24 | 0.003 | 2.59 | 1.46–4.60 | 0.001 | 1.73 | 1.00–2.99 | 0.051 |