Variable | Mean or prevalence | ||
---|---|---|---|
Males | Females | P for male-female  difference | |
n = 804 | n = 928 | ||
Socio-demographic | |||
Age | 67.4 (8.4)a | 69.5 (8.8) |  < 0.001 |
Education (%) | Â | Â | Â |
 High | 40.2 | 30.3 |  < 0.001 |
 Middle | 43.8 | 46.7 | 0.222 |
 Low | 16.0 | 22.9 |  < 0.001 |
Classic CVD factors | Â | Â | Â |
Smoking (%) | Â | Â | Â |
 Never | 32.6 | 82.4 |  < 0.001 |
 Former | 40.6 | 10.4 |  < 0.001 |
 Current | 26.8 | 7.1 |  < 0.001 |
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) (%) | 28.6 | 46.6 |  < 0.001 |
Grade II hypertension (BP ≥ 160/100 mmHg) | 30.5 | 24.3 |  < 0.01 |
Total cholesterol ≥ 6.2 mmol/L | 28.7 | 51.1 |  < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (TG ≥ 2.3 mmol/L) | 9.1 | 7.7 | 0.313 |
Inflammation | Â | Â | Â |
Interleukin-6 (IL-6 ≥ 2.0 pg/L for females, ≥ 2.4 pg/L for males) (%) | 20.2 | 19.8 | 0.821 |
C-reactive protein (CRP ≥ 3.0 mg/L) (%) | 31.3 | 35.0 | 0.099 |
Reported CVD events | Â | Â | Â |
Myocardial infarction (%) | 15.1 | 5.8 |  < 0.001 |
Stroke (%) | 9.5 | 5.9 |  < 0.01 |