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Table 4 The minimum spatial distances and percentage of the distance < 5 mm from the four pulmonary vein orifices to the bronchi and pulmonary arteries

From: Anatomical correlation between left atrium pulmonary vein ablation targets of atrial fibrillation and adjacent bronchi and pulmonary arteries by MSCT

Pulmonary vein orifices

Bronchi

Pulmonary arteries

Distance (mm)

Distance < 5 mm (%, n)

Distance (mm)

Distance < 5 mm (%, n)

Left superior

10.82 ± 4.19

7.14% (9/126)

7.59 ± 4.14

26.98% (34/126)

Left inferior

12.87 ± 4.46

0% (0/126)

24.74 ± 5.26

0% (0/126),

Right superior

10.73 ± 7.34

15.9% (20/126)

4.43 ± 2.51

63.49% (80/126)

Right inferior

16.06 ± 4.63

0.79% (1/126)

22.33 ± 4.75

0% (0/126)

P value

< .001

< .001

< .001

< .001