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Table 3 Predictors of MACE

From: ACEF performed better than other risk scores in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome during long term follow-up

A. Individual variables (w/o risk scores)

Variables

Univariate Cox analysis

Multivariate Cox analysis

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Age

1.04 (1.01–1.06)

0.004

1.03 (1.00–1.05)

0.023

BMI

0.93 (0.87–0.99)

0.030

ns

eGFR

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

0.009

ns

Female gender

1.86 (1.12–3.09)

0.016

1.67 (1.00–2.79)

0.051

Atrial fibrillation

2.24 (1.17–4.29)

0.015

2.02 (1.04–3.89)

0.037

Previous MI

1.75 (0.92–3.35)

0.091

ns

Conservative treatment vs. revascularization

1.53 (0.90–2.60)

0.114

n/a§

B. Risk scores

Variables

Univariate Cox analysis

Multivariate Cox analysis

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

GRACE

1.01 (1.00–1.02)*

0.088

0.97 (0.86–1.10)

0.664

1.09 (0.99–1.19)

0.076

ACEF

2.16 (1.36–3.44)*

0.001

2.16 (1.36–3.44)

0.001

SYNTAX

1.00 (0.98–1.03)*

0.880

n/a§

0.99 (0.79–1.25)

0.948

Clinical SYNTAX

1.01 (1.00–1.03)*

0.063

n/a§

1.14 (0.99–1.29)

0.059

SYNTAX II PCI

1.04 (1.01–1.06)*

0.001

1.22 (0.88–1.69)

0.237

1.37 (1.11–1.79)

0.004

SYNTAX II CABG

1.02 (1.00–1.04)*

0.040

n/a§

1.22 (1.00–1.50)

0.053

  1. ACEF—age, creatinine and ejection fraction risk score; BMI—body mass index; CABG—coronary artery bypass graft; eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration rate; GRACE—Global Registry of Acute coronary events risk score; LVEF—left ventricular ejecton fraction; MACE—major adverse cardiovascular events; MI—myocardial infarction; PCI—percutaneous coronary intervention; SYNTAX—The Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery risk score
  2. *HR value corresponds to each 1 unit increase/decrease of each score
  3. HR value corresponds to each 10 unit increase/decrease of each score
  4. ns indicates variables which were not held in the model due to statistical insignificance (stepwise forward algorithm)
  5. §n/a indicates variables which were a priori not included in the multivariate analysis due to P > 0.1 and/or multicollinearity
  6. The intermediate step of the multivariate analysis (stepwise forward algorithm)
  7. The final step of the multivariate analysis (stepwise forward algorithm)