Table 1 Baseline characteristics in patients developing hyperbilirubinemia

Preoperative

Age (years)

52.11 ± 9.28

Male, n (%)

53 (35.6%)

Hypertension, n (%)

11 (7.4%)

Diabetes, n (%)

2 (1.3%)

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

53 (35.6%)

eGFR (ml/min)

67.05 ± 15.06

CKD (eGFR < 60 ml/min)

45 (30.2%)

 Stage 3 (30 ml/min ≤ eGFR < 60 ml/min)

43 (28.9%)

 Stage 4 (15 ml/min ≤ eGFR < 30 ml/min)

1 (0.7%)

 Stage 5 (eGFR < 15 ml/min

1 (0.7%)

EuroSCORE II

1.8 ± 1.3

APACHE II score

6.29 ± 2.78

MELD score

9.88 ± 4.47

SOFA score

1.87 ± 1.54

MAP (mmHg)

86.95 ± 12.14

TB (µmol/l)

28.86 ± 15.93

WBC (10⁹/l)

6.20 ± 2.21

Hb (g/l)

136.30 ± 19.33

PLT (10⁹ /l)

168.87 ± 58.26

Cr (µmol/l)

98.80 ± 38.05

Cys-C (mg/l)

1.169 ± 0.537

PT (s)

13.49 ± 4.36

Intra-operative

 Type of surgery

  Single aortic valve, n (%)

9 (6.0%)

  Single mitral valve, n (%)

25 (16.8%)

  Single tricuspid valve, n (%)

3 (2.0%)

  Aortic valve + mitral valve, n (%)

19 (12.8%)

  Aortic valve + tricuspid valve, n (%)

1 (0.7%)

  Mitral valve + tricuspid valve, n (%)

28 (18.8%)

  Aortic valve + mitral valve + tricuspid valve, n (%)

63 (42.3%)

  Valve + CABG, n (%)

3 (2.0%)

Operation duration (h)

4.32 ± 1.48

CPB time (min)

161.16 ± 60.46

ACC time (min)

89.40 ± 35.04

Blood transfusion requirement (U)

4.86 ± 7.08

Number of valve replacements

2.14 ± 0.83

Postoperative

APACHE II score

17.77 ± 1.92

SOFA score

11.38 ± 2.44

MELD score

16.48 ± 4.49

TB (µmol /l)

69.80 ± 28.11

CB (µmol /l)

29.72 ± 13.02

WBC (10⁹/l)

14.48 ± 5.35

Hb (g/l)

119.41 ± 19.07

PLT (10⁹/l)

124.39 ± 52.73

Cr (µmol/l)

137.07 ± 35.24

PT (s)

13.60 ± 2.43

Peak TB level (µmol/l)

155.34 ± 82.11

Peak direct bilirubin level (µmol/l)

98.10 ± 65.90

Peak indirect bilirubin level (µmol/l)

57.24 ± 29.00

Time to peak TB (d)

4.18 ± 3.42