Fig. 2

Cross-validation of logistic regression with LASSO. Lower abscissa represents the continuous increase of penalty coefficient λ, and the upper represents the continuous decrease of variables in the model from left to right. The ordinate represents corresponding binomial deviation (or minimum mean cross-validated error) of each model. The black dotted line represents the model with the least binomial deviation while the red one represents the model including eight variables we selected in this study. Line segment of each model represents 95% CI of binomial deviation. LASSO least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, CI confidence interval