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Table 4 Multivariable Cox regression analysis of all-cause death in patients with atrial fibrillation, eGFR as a continues variable

From: Impact of estimated glomerular filtration rate on long-term clinical outcomes among Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation

Variable

HR represents

HR (95%CI)

P value

Total population

   

 Age

Per 1-year increment

1.018 (0.999–1.038)

0.066

 Male

Versus female

2.418 (1.445–4.046)

0.001

 Duration of AF

  

 < 0.001

  Persistent

Versus paroxysmal

0.781 (0.352–1.737)

0.545

  Permanent

Versus paroxysmal

2.379 (1.156–4.896)

0.019

 Warfarin

Yes versus no

1.200 (0.661–2.179)

0.548

 TiTR

 ≥ 66% versus < 66%

0.571 (0.137–1.656)

0.243

 eGFR

Per 1 ml/(min·1.73 m2) increment

0.984 (0.972–0.995)

0.006

Individuals with EHRA Type 1 VHDs

 Age

Per 1-year increment

1.044 (0.997–1.092)

0.067

 Male

Versus female

1.817 (0.687–4.808)

0.229

 Duration of AF

  

0.277

  Persistent

Versus paroxysmal

1.994 (0.196–20.257)

0.560

  Permanent

Versus paroxysmal

3.937 (0.496–31.278)

0.195

 TiTR

 ≥ 66% versus < 66%

0.491 (0.124–1.945)

0.311

 Warfarin

Yes versus no

0.949 (0.334–2.700)

0.922

 eGFR

Per 1 ml/(min·1.73 m2) increment

0.988 (0.967–1.010)

0.281

Individuals with EHRA Type 2 VHDs

 Age

Per 1-year increment

1.003 (0.976–1.093)

0.269

 Male

Versus female

1.439 (0.323–6.413)

0.633

 Duration of AF

  

0.145

  Persistent

Versus paroxysmal

33.672 (1.001–1132.496)

0.050

  Permanent

Versus paroxysmal

7.210 (0.544–95.538)

0.134

 CHA2DS2-VASc score

Per 1 score increment

0.482 (0.214–1.089)

0.079

 Warfarin

Yes versus no

1.122 (0.196–6.422)

0.897

 eGFR

Per 1 ml/(min·1.73 m2) increment

1.000 (0.965–1.037)

0.985

Individuals without VHDs

   

 Age

Per 1-year increment

0.991 (0.961–1.022)

0.568

 Male

Versus female

3.936 (1.780–8.706)

0.001

 Duration of AF

  

0.003

  Persistent

Versus paroxysmal

0.561 (0.223–1.412)

0.220

  Permanent

Versus paroxysmal

1.866 (0.769–4.528)

0.168

 CHA2DS2-VASc score

Per 1 score increment

1.136 (0.927–1.392)

0.217

 Warfarin

Yes versus no

1.270 (0.528–3.053)

0.594

 eGFR

Per 1 ml/(min·1.73 m2) increment

0.975 (0.959–0.992)

0.003

  1. Models were adjusted by age, sex (male vs female), duration of AF, use of warfarin, TiTR (if available), CHA2DS2-VASc score (if available) and eGFR. VHDs indicates valvular heart diseases
  2. CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated by congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years (doubled), diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or TIA (doubled), vascular disease, age 65 to74 years, female sex
  3. AF indicates atrial fibrillation
  4. TiTR time in therapeutic range, CI confidential interval, HR hazard ratio, eGFR estimated Glomerular filtration rate