Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between SC and TCC groups
From: Congenital coronary artery fistula in pediatric patients: transcatheter versus surgical closure
Characteristic | SC (n = 58) | TCC (n = 63) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, year* | 5.3 (0.75–17.8) | 3.5 (0.5–17.0) | 0.732 |
Male, n (%) | 35 (60.3) | 34 (54.0) | 0.479 |
Body weight, kg* | 17.0 (7.0–55.0) | 14.5 (5.5–64.0) | 0.601 |
Symptomatic patients, n (%) | 9 (15.5) | 5 (7.9) | 0.193 |
Clinical signs | |||
NYHA I-II, n (%) | 51 (87.9) | 59 (93.7) | 0.437 |
NYHA III-IV, n (%) | 7 (12.1) | 4 (6.3) | 0.437 |
Cardiac murmur, n (%) | 56 (96.6) | 60 (95.2) | 1 |
ECG abnormalitya, n (%) | 23 (39.6) | 19 (30.2) | 0.273 |
CXR abnormalityb, n (%) | 12 (20.7) | 9 (14.3) | 0.353 |
Pre-operation LVEF, %* | 70 (61–88) | 70 (59–83) | 0.335 |
Fistula anatomic feature | |||
Fistula origin | |||
Right coronary artery, n (%) | 30 (51.7) | 41 (65.1) | 0.468 |
Left main coronary artery, n (%) | 16 (27.6) | 11 (17.5) | |
Left anterior descending, n (%) | 5 (8.6) | 4 (6.3) | |
Circumflex, n (%) | 7 (12.1) | 7 (11.1) | |
Fistula drainage | |||
Right atrium, n (%) | 20 (34.5) | 52 (82.5) | < 0.001 |
Right ventricle, n (%) | 32 (55.2) | 6 (9.5) | |
Left atrium, n (%) | 0 | 1 (1.6) | |
Left ventricle, n (%) | 6 (10.3) | 3 (4.8) | |
Superior vena cava, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | |
Minimum diameter, mm* | 4.7 (2.0–12.0) | 3.5 (1.6–10.0) | 0.003 |
Maximum diameter, mm* | 7.0 (4.0–15.0) | 7.0 (4.0–14.0) | 0.068 |
Fistula type | |||
Proximal, n (%) | 23 (39.7) | 36 (57.1) | 0.055 |
Distal, n (%) | 35 (60.3) | 27 (42.9) | |
Presence of visible thrombus, n (%) | 1 (1.7) | 0 | 0.479 |