Table 1 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of the patients with ADHF, according to the treatment received (n = 100)
|  | Early ultrafiltration group (n = 40) | Torasemide plus tolvaptan group (n = 60) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 70.6 ± 10.44 | 73.52 ± 9.83 | 0.159 |
Male gender (%) | 22 (55.0) | 33 (55.0) | 1.000 |
Weight (kg) | 69.45 ± 12.12 | 65.63 ± 8.541 | 0.067 |
Prior heart failure (%) | 23 (57.5) | 38 (63.3) | 0.558 |
JVP (cm) | 15.00 ± 2.63 | 16.20 ± 4.24 | 0.084 |
Comorbidity | |||
 Coronary artery disease | 28 (70.0) | 43 (71.7) | 0.857 |
 History of hypertension (%) | 32 (80.0) | 48 (80.0) | 1.000 |
 Diabetes (%) | 26 (65.0) | 38 (63.3) | 1.000 |
 Dilated cardiomyopathy | 9 (22.5) | 8 (13.3) | 0.232 |
 Arrhythmia | 21 (52.5) | 24 (40.0) | 0.218 |
 Pulmonary infection | 14 (35.0) | 24 (40.0) | 0.614 |
 Post-PCI | 10 (25.0) | 10 (16.7) | 0.307 |
 Renal dysfunction | 13 (32.5) | 16 (26.7) | 0.529 |
 Hepatic dysfunction | 3 (7.5) | 1 (1.7) | 0.299 |
Laboratory measurements | |||
 Serum sodium (mmol/L) | 140.41 ± 4.58 | 141.37 ± 3.85 | 0.281 |
 Serum potassium (mmol/L) | 4.03 ± 0.72 | 3.83 ± 0.63 | 0.156 |
 Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 155.70 ± 72.05 | 128.30 ± 82.66 | 0.091 |
 BNP (pg/mL) | 1266.21 ± 1082.59 | 1310.50 ± 982.35 | 0.839 |
Medications | |||
 β-adrenoceptor antagonists | 40 (100.0) | 59 (98.3) | 1.000 |
 ACEI/ARB | 40 (100.0) | 59 (98.3) | 1.000 |
 Diuretic | 40 (100.0) | 60 (100.0) | 1.000 |
 Positive inotropic agents | 27 (67.5) | 40 (66.7) | 0.931 |
 Antithrombotic drugs | 25 (62.5) | 45 (75.0) | 0.181 |
 Lipid-lowering drugs | 30 (75.0) | 35 (58.3) | 0.087 |