Table 3 Sex-race: sequential models for the odds of elevated LDL cholesterol

Variable

n = 673,841

n = 636,985

n = 673,841

n = 636,985

 Annual visit (0 to 9)

0.93 (0.93, 0.93)

0.94 (0.94, 0.94)

0.87 (0.87, 0.87)

0.89 (0.89, 0.89)

Sex × race^**

 Non-Hispanic white × male

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Non-Hispanic white × female

3.01 (2.84, 3.19)

2.59 (2.44, 2.77)

2.29 (2.16, 2.44)

2.06 (1.93, 2.20)

 Non-Hispanic black × male

1.80 (1.76, 1.84)

1.76 (1.72, 1.80)

1.57 (1.53, 1.60)

1.54 (1.51, 1.58)

 Non-Hispanic black × female

5.97 (5.05, 7.06)

5.38 (4.45, 6.51)

4.41 (3.66, 4.31)

3.93 (3.18, 4.87)

 Hispanic × male

1.31 (1.27, 1.34)

1.25 (1.21, 1.29)

1.15 (1.12, 1.18)

1.08 (1.05, 1.11)

 Hispanic × female

3.72 (2.68, 5.16)

2.56 (1.79, 3.66)

2.26 (1.60, 3.18)

1.83 (1.26, 2.64)

 Other race × male

1.15 (1.10, 1.21)

1.13 (1.08, 1.19)

1.02 (0.98, 1.06)

1.00 (0.95, 1.04)

 Other race × female

3.34 (2.45, 4.56)

2.98 (2.11, 4.22)

2.85 (2.04, 3.97)

2.58 (1.77, 3.76)

Location of residence

 Urban

Ref

Ref

 Rural

1.28 (1.26, 1.30)

1.23 (1.22, 1.25)

 Age (per year)

0.99 (0.99, 1.00)

0.99 (0.99, 0.99)

Marital status

 Married versus unmarried (ref.)

0.86 (0.84, 0.87)

0.94 (0.93, 0.96)

 Disability (> 50% service-related)

0.98 (0.96, 1.00)

0.98 (0.96, 0.99)

Smoking status

 Smoker versus non-smoker (ref.)

1.10 (1.08, 1.12)

1.01 (0.99, 1.03)

 Number primary care visits (per year)

0.99 (0.99, 0.99)

0.99 (0.99, 0.99)

A1C

 A1C > 8% (64 mmol/mol) versus A1C ≤ 8% (64 mmol/mol) (ref)

1.33 (1.32, 1.35)

1.20 (1.19, 1.22)

ASCVD

 Acute coronary syndr

1.09 (1.07, 1.11)

0.93 (0.92, 0.95)

 Atheroscl. cerebro. dis

1.14 (1.12, 1.19)

1.05 (1.03, 1.07)

 Coronary heart dis

0.59 (0.58, 0.60)

0.56 (0.55, 0.57)

 Peripheral artery dis

0.93 (0.92, 0.93)

0.89 (0.88, 0.90)

Statins prescribed

 No statin

Ref

Ref

 Low/moderate-intensity statin

0.34 (0.32, 0.36)

0.41 (0.38, 0.43)

 High-intensity statin

0.29 (0.27, 0.31)

0.29 (0.27, 0.31)

Dual VA-CMS status

 > 80% VA utilization

Ref

Ref

 50–80% VA utilization

1.00 (0.99, 1.02)

0.98 (0.96, 0.99)

 < 50% VA utilization

0.99 (0.98, 1.00)

0.93 (0.92, 0.94)

History of comorbidity

 Psychiatric disorder

1.16 (1.14, 1.18)

1.06 (1.03, 1.07)

 Depression

1.17 (1.15, 1.19)

1.08 (1.07, 1.10)

 Inter cluster correlation

0.56 (0.56, 0.56)

0.56 (0.56, 0.56)

0.56 (0.56, 0.56)

0.56 (0.56, 0.56)