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Table 2 Summary of the function of 10 hub genes

From: Investigation of the underlying genes and mechanism of familial hypercholesterolemia through bioinformatics analysis

Symbol

Full name

Function

ITGAL

Integrin Subunit Alpha L

Involved in a variety of immune phenomena including leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction, cytotoxic T-cell mediated killing, and antibody dependent killing by granulocytes and monocytes. Contributes to natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Involved in leukocyte adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes including T-cells and neutrophils.contributes to apoptotic neutrophil phagocytosis by macrophages.

TLN1

Talin 1

Probably involved in connections of major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. High molecular weight cytoskeletal protein concentrated at regions of cell-substratum contact and, in lymphocytes, at cell-cell contacts

POLR2A

RNA Polymerase II Subunit A

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery.

CD69

CD69 Molecule

Involved in lymphocyte proliferation and functions as a signal transmitting receptor in lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and platelets. By antigens, mitogens or activators of PKC on the surface of T and B-lymphocytes. By interaction of IL-2 with the p75 IL-2R on the surface of NK cells.

GZMA

Granzyme A

activates caspase-independent cell death with morphological features of apoptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse. It cleaves after Lys or Arg. Cleaves APEX1 after ‘Lys-31’ and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET after ‘Lys-189’, which disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA.

VASP

Vasodilator Stimulated Phosphoprotein

Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance, lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics, platelet activation and cell migration. VASP promotes actin filament elongation. Plays a role in actin-based mobility of Listeria monocytogenes in host cells. Regulates actin dynamics in platelets and plays an important role in regulating platelet aggregation.

HNRNPUL1

Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein U Like 1

Acts as a basic transcriptional regulator. Represses basic transcription driven by several virus and cellular promoters. When associated with BRD7, activates transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive promoter in the absence of ligand-stimulation. Plays also a role in mRNA processing and transport. Binds avidly to poly(G) and poly(C) RNA homopolymers in vitro.

SF1

Splicing Factor 1

Necessary for the ATP-dependent first step of spliceosome assembly. Binds to the intron branch point sequence (BPS) 5′-UACUAAC-3′ of the pre-mRNA. May act as transcription repressor.

SRRM2

Serine/Arginine Repetitive Matrix 2

Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome.

ITGAV

Integrin Subunit Alpha V

The alpha-V (ITGAV) integrins are receptors for vitronectin, cytotactin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, laminin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, osteopontin, osteomodulin, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vWF. They recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands.