| |
Group ASD (n = 154)
|
Group PFO (n = 26)
|
P0*
|
|---|
|
Before
|
After
|
p Value
|
Before
|
After
|
p Value
|
|---|
|
HRV indices and HR
|
|
SDNN, ms
|
98.70 ± 24.08
|
104.78 ± 25.67
|
< 0.001
|
134.08 ± 33.80
|
104.46 ± 22.64
|
< 0.001
|
< 0.001
|
|
SDANN, ms
|
84.85 ± 22.04
|
92.42 ± 25.11
|
< 0.001
|
115.62 ± 31.87
|
92.73 ± 22.57
|
< 0.001
|
< 0.001
|
|
RMSSD, ms
|
27.83 ± 10.81
|
26.21 ± 10.73
|
0.082
|
34.23 ± 11.80
|
23.77 ± 10.97
|
< 0.001
|
0.006
|
|
PNN50, %
|
8.08 ± 7.74
|
7.33 ± 7.35
|
0.262
|
13.10 ± 9.89
|
5.84 ± 7.27
|
< 0.001
|
0.004
|
|
HR, bpm
|
76.81 ± 9.10
|
75.14 ± 9.06
|
0.006
|
75.58 ± 10.78
|
81.38 ± 8.17
|
0.001
|
0.537
|
|
TTE parameters
|
|
LAD, mm
|
32.43 ± 4.32
|
31.92 ± 4.54
|
0.088
|
31.00 ± 3.49
|
29.58 ± 4.49
|
0.054
|
0.124
|
|
LVESD, mm
|
27.95 ± 2.98
|
28.20 ± 2.72
|
0.199
|
29.54 ± 2.21
|
28.63 ± 2.50
|
0.055
|
0.013
|
|
LVEDD, mm
|
42.81 ± 4.03
|
43.63 ± 3.66
|
0.001
|
45.38 ± 3.70
|
44.13 ± 3.63
|
0.042
|
0.004
|
|
RAD, mm
|
38.13 ± 5.71
|
34.80 ± 4.58
|
< 0.001
|
29.75 ± 3.01
|
28.88 ± 3.22
|
0.131
|
< 0.001
|
|
RVD, mm
|
38.92 ± 5.01
|
35.72 ± 4.70
|
< 0.001
|
29.17 ± 3.32
|
29.21 ± 3.59
|
0.957
|
< 0.001
|
|
LVEF, %
|
64.12 ± 4.06
|
65.00 ± 2.92
|
0.019
|
64.15 ± 2.00
|
64.53 ± 4.04
|
0.697
|
0.971
|
- *P0: p-values between the values prior to the procedure in the patient and control groups; P value threshold of 0.017 was used after Bonferroni correction (0.05*(1/3));
- P value threshold of 0.017 was used after Bonferroni correction (0.05*(1/3)); SDNN the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal (NN) intervals, SDANN the standard deviation of the averages of NN intervals in all 5 min segments of the entire recording, RMSSD the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals, pNN50 the percentage of adjacent NN intervals that differ from each other by more than 50 msm, HR heart rate, LAD left atrium diameter, LVESD left ventricular end systolic diameter, LVEDD left ventricular end diastolic diameter, RAD right atrium diameter, RVD right ventricular diameter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction
