Fig. 1

Homogeneous sub-groups with social and behavioural risk factors for diabetes and hypertension in community-dwelling participants aged 30–90 in Keezhumadu, Kerala, India, 2018. Class 1 = behavioural risk group. Class 2 = social risk group. Class 3 = low risk group. We performed a latent class analysis which used full-information maximum likelihood estimation, allowing for dependent variable missing data under missing at random assumptions, with the robust maximum likelihood estimator which used model-based methods to accommodate our survey data