TY - BOOK AU - Baker, C. PY - 2019 DA - 2019// TI - Obesity statistics ID - Baker2019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Atlantis, E. AU - Baker, M. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Obesity effects on depression: systematic review of epidemiological studies JO - Int J Obes VL - 32 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.54 DO - 10.1038/ijo.2008.54 ID - Atlantis2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhang, X. AU - Lv, W. Q. AU - Qiu, B. AU - Zhang, L. J. AU - Qin, J. AU - Tang, F. J. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - Assessing causal estimates of the association of obesity-related traits with coronary artery disease using a Mendelian randomization approach JO - Sci Rep VL - 8 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25305-y DO - 10.1038/s41598-018-25305-y ID - Zhang2018 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buitrago, F. AU - Calvo, J. I. AU - Redondo-López, V. AU - Canón-Barroso, L. AU - Rodríguez-Pérez, L. AU - Hinojosa-Díaz, J. F. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Cardiovascular events in patients with obesity: an observational study JO - Br J Gen Pract VL - 60 UR - https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp10X515089 DO - 10.3399/bjgp10X515089 ID - Buitrago2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tsai, F. AU - Coyle, W. J. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - The microbiome and obesity: is obesity linked to our gut flora? JO - Curr Gastroenterol Rep VL - 11 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-009-0045-z DO - 10.1007/s11894-009-0045-z ID - Tsai2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sindhu, S. AU - Thomas, R. AU - Shihab, P. AU - Sriraman, D. AU - Behbehani, K. AU - Ahmad, R. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Obesity is a positive modulator of IL-6R and IL-6 expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue: significance for metabolic inflammation JO - PLoS One VL - 10 UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133494 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0133494 ID - Sindhu2015 ER - TY - BOOK AU - John, S. PY - 2019 DA - 2019// TI - Deaths registered in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics. Office for National Statistics ID - John2019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mittendorfer, B. AU - Peterson, L. R. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Cardiovascular consequences of obesity and targets for treatment JO - Drug Discov Today Ther Strateg VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ddstr.2008.07.001 DO - 10.1016/j.ddstr.2008.07.001 ID - Mittendorfer2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shahar, E. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - The association of body mass index with health outcomes: causal, inconsistent, or confounded? JO - Am J Epidemiol VL - 170 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwp292 DO - 10.1093/aje/kwp292 ID - Shahar2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Greenberg, J. A. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Correcting biases in estimates of mortality attributable to obesity JO - Obesity. VL - 14 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.242 DO - 10.1038/oby.2006.242 ID - Greenberg2006 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Evidence that BMI has an independent and causal effect on heart disease risk. Science Daily ID - ref11 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stallones, R. A. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - The association between tobacco smoking and coronary heart disease JO - Int J Epidemiol VL - 44 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv124 DO - 10.1093/ije/dyv124 ID - Stallones2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mukamal, K. AU - Lazo, M. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Alcohol and cardiovascular disease JO - BMJ. VL - 356 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j1340 DO - 10.1136/bmj.j1340 ID - Mukamal2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burgess, S. AU - Davies, N. M. AU - Thompson, S. G. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Bias due to participant overlap in two-sample Mendelian randomization JO - Genet Epidemiol VL - 40 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.21998 DO - 10.1002/gepi.21998 ID - Burgess2016 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Locke, A. E. AU - Kahali, B. AU - Berndt, S. I. AU - Justice, A. E. AU - Pers, T. H. AU - Day, F. R. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology JO - Nature. VL - 518 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14177 DO - 10.1038/nature14177 ID - Locke2015 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - UK Biobank GWAS Results ID - ref16 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hemani, G. AU - Zheng, J. AU - Elsworth, B. AU - Wade, K. H. AU - Haberland, V. AU - Baird, D. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - The MR-base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome JO - Elife. VL - 7 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34408 DO - 10.7554/eLife.34408 ID - Hemani2018 ER - TY - STD TI - UK Biobank. https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/about-biobank-uk/. Accessed 19 Feb 2020. UR - https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/about-biobank-uk/ ID - ref18 ER - TY - STD TI - UK Bioank. Data-Field 6150. http://biobank.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/crystal/field.cgi?id=6150. Accessed 14 Aug 2019. UR - http://biobank.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/crystal/field.cgi?id=6150 ID - ref19 ER - TY - STD TI - Bowden J, Smith GD, Burgess S. Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through egger regression. Int J Epidemiol. 2015. ID - ref20 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zhao, Q. AU - Wang, J. AU - Hemani, G. AU - Bowden, J. AU - Small, D. S. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - Statistical inference in two-sample summary-data Mendelian randomization using robust adjusted profile score ID - Zhao2018 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burgess, S. AU - Butterworth, A. AU - Thompson, S. G. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple genetic variants using summarized data JO - Genet Epidemiol VL - 37 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.21758 DO - 10.1002/gepi.21758 ID - Burgess2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hemani, G. i. b. r. a. n. AU - Bowden, J. a. c. k. AU - Davey Smith, G. e. o. r. g. e. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - Evaluating the potential role of pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization studies JO - Human Molecular Genetics VL - 27 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddy163 DO - 10.1093/hmg/ddy163 ID - Hemani2018 ER - TY - STD TI - Ensembl Database. rs2075650 (SNP) - Phenotype Data - Homo sapiens - GRCh37. http://grch37.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Variation/Phenotype?db=core;r=19:45395119-45396119;v=rs2075650;vdb=variation;vf=584400527. Accessed 8 Aug 2019. UR - http://grch37.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Variation/Phenotype?db=core;r=19:45395119-45396119;v=rs2075650;vdb=variation;vf=584400527 ID - ref24 ER - TY - STD TI - The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Reports of genes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/. Accessed 29 Apr 2020. UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ ID - ref25 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lyall, D. M. AU - Harris, S. E. AU - Bastin, M. E. AU - Muñoz Maniega, S. AU - Murray, C. AU - Lutz, M. W. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Alzheimer’s disease susceptibility genes APOE and TOMM40, and brain white matter integrity in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 JO - Neurobiol Aging VL - 35 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.01.006 DO - 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.01.006 ID - Lyall2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Larsson, S. C. AU - Bäck, M. AU - Rees, J. M. B. AU - Mason, A. M. AU - Burgess, S. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Body mass index and body composition in relation to 14 cardiovascular conditions in UK biobank: a Mendelian randomization study JO - Eur Heart J VL - 41 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz388 DO - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz388 ID - Larsson2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - He, L. AU - Culminskaya, I. AU - Loika, Y. AU - Arbeev, K. G. AU - Bagley, O. AU - Duan, M. PY - 2018 DA - 2018// TI - Causal effects of cardiovascular risk factors on onset of major age-related diseases: a time-to-event Mendelian randomization study JO - Exp Gerontol VL - 107 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.019 DO - 10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.019 ID - He2018 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hägg, S. AU - Fall, T. AU - Ploner, A. AU - Mägi, R. AU - Fischer, K. AU - Draisma, H. H. M. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Adiposity as a cause of cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study JO - Int J Epidemiol VL - 44 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv094 DO - 10.1093/ije/dyv094 ID - Hägg2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lyall, D. M. AU - Celis-Morales, C. AU - Ward, J. AU - Iliodromiti, S. AU - Anderson, J. J. AU - Gill, J. M. R. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Association of body mass index with cardiometabolic disease in the UK biobank: a mendelian randomization study JO - JAMA Cardiol VL - 2 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5804 DO - 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5804 ID - Lyall2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dale, C. E. AU - Fatemifar, G. AU - Palmer, T. M. AU - White, J. AU - Prieto-Merino, D. AU - Zabaneh, D. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Causal associations of adiposity and body fat distribution with coronary heart disease, stroke subtypes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a Mendelian randomization analysis JO - Circulation. VL - 135 UR - https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026560 DO - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026560 ID - Dale2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Esposito, K. AU - Pontillo, A. AU - Palo, C. AU - Giugliano, G. AU - Masella, M. AU - Marfella, R. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Effect of weight loss and lifestyle changes on vascular inflammatory markers in obese women: a randomized trial JO - J Am Med Assoc VL - 289 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.14.1799 DO - 10.1001/jama.289.14.1799 ID - Esposito2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chapman, A. R. AU - Adamson, P. D. AU - Mills, N. L. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Assessment and classification of patients with myocardial injury and infarction in clinical practice JO - Heart. VL - 103 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309530 DO - 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309530 ID - Chapman2017 ER -