Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Baseline | Value |
|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |
 Age (years, median [IQR]) | 62.00 [54.00, 69.00] |
 Female (%) | 41 (27.0) |
Operation-related characteristics | |
 CRT-D implantation (%) | 83 (54.6) |
 Lateral/anterior-lateral/posterior-lateral LV lead (%) | 119 (78.8) |
 Upgradation from PM/ICD (%) | 17 (11.2) |
Comorbidities and disease history | |
 Persistent/permanent AF (%) | 70 (46.1) |
 DCM (%) | 97 (63.8) |
 CLBBB (%) | 81 (53.3) |
 IVB (%) | 24 (15.8) |
 Coronary heart disease (%) | 39 (25.7) |
 Myocardial infarction (%) | 27 (17.8) |
 Hypertension (%) | 52 (34.2) |
 Diabetes (%) | 42 (27.6) |
 Hyperlipidemia (%) | 50 (32.9) |
 NYHA III/IV (%) | 110 (72.4) |
 AVB (%) | 35 (23.0) |
 fPVC (%) | 26 (17.1) |
 History of pulmonary hypertension (%) | 29 (19.1) |
 History of PCI (%) | 10 (6.6) |
 History of stroke (%) | 20 (13.2) |
 History of CABG (%) | 6 (3.9) |
 History of VT/VF (%) | 60 (39.5) |
 History of syncope (%) | 33 (21.7) |
Drug treatment | |
 ACEI/ARB (%) | 117 (77.0) |
 Beta receptor blockers (%) | 128 (84.2) |
 Spironolactone (%) | 124 (81.6) |
 Digitoxin (%) | 80 (52.6) |
 Diuretics (%) | 139 (91.4) |
 Statins (%) | 70 (46.1) |
 Amiodarone (%) | 47 (30.9) |
 Antiplatelets (%) | 37 (24.3) |
 Warfarin (%) | 32 (21.1) |
 NOAC (%) | 30 (19.7) |
ECG | |
 Preimplantation QRSd (ms, median [IQR]) | 160.00 [144.00, 176.50] (n = 144) |
 Postimplantation QRSd (ms, median [IQR]) | 144.00 [133.50, 160.00] (n = 143) |
Preimplantation chest X ray | |
 Cardiothoracic ratio (median [IQR]) | 0.58 [0.55, 0.63] |
 Pulmonary congestion (%) | 89 (58.6) |
Preimplantation echocardiography | |
 LVEF (%, median [IQR]) | 31.50 [26.00, 38.00] |
 LVEDD (mm, median [IQR]) | 66.00 [60.00, 76.00] |
 Moderate/severe MR (%) | 76 (50.0) |
 Moderate/severe TR (%) | 40 (26.3) |
Preimplantation laboratory tests | |
 NT-proBNP (pg/mL, median [IQR]) | 1702.00 [1009.10, 2612.00] (n = 149) |
 Total bilirubin (umol/L, median [IQR]) | 18.95 [13.77, 24.84] (n = 142) |
 Creatinine (umol/L, median [IQR]) | 93.30 [79.28, 112.20] (n = 151) |
 BUN (mmol/L, median [IQR]) | 7.58 [6.26, 9.57] (n = 151) |
 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2 [IQR]) | 65.96 [51.60, 81.95] (n = 151) |
 TSH (mIU/L, median [IQR]) | 2.32 [1.44, 4.25] (n = 139) |
PM interrogation at last follow-up | |
 BIVP (%, median [IQR]) | 98.65 [95.00, 99.00] (n = 132) |
 • Paroxysmal AF | 99 [96.25, 99.00] (n = 70) |
 • Persistent/permanent AF | 98 [92.25, 99.00] (n = 62) |
 • fPVC | 99 [97.20,99.00] (n = 24) |
LVEF at 6–12 months after implantation (%, median [IQR]) | 35 [30, 45] (n = 122) |