| All-cause mortality |  |  | Myocardial infarction |  |  | Stroke |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RR (95%CI) | I2 | N | RR (95%CI) | I2 | N | RR (95%CI) | I2 | N | |
Type of control | |||||||||
 Placebo | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) | 13 | 18 | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 0 | 14 | 0.91 (0.85–0.98) | 7 | 14 |
 Active | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 28 | 21 | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 7 | 23 | 0.93 (0.79–1.08) | 54 | 22 |
 Active only ACE inhibitors | 1.04 (0.95–1.13) | 46 | 8 | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | 0 | 9 | 0.98 (0.88–1.10) | 0 | 8 |
Follow-up period | |||||||||
 ≤ 40 weeks | 1.01 (0.91–1.14) | 51 | 19 | 0.98 (0.88–1.10) | 12 | 18 | 0.94 (0.74–1.20) | 40 | 18 |
 > 40 weeks | 1.00 (0.96–1.03) | 0 | 20 | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) | 0 | 19 | 0.90 (0.82–1.00) | 45 | 18 |
Proportion of males | |||||||||
 ≤ 50% | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0 | 6 | 1.02 (0.85–1.22) | 37 | 5 | 0.76 (0.68–0.84) | 0 | 5 |
 > 50% | 1.02 (0.97–1.06) | 23 | 33 | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 0 | 32 | 0.96 (0.87–1.05) | 28 | 31 |
Age | |||||||||
 ≤ 65 years | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) | 32 | 18 | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 0 | 15 | 1.03 (0.80–1.34) | 22 | 12 |
 > 65 years | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 10 | 20 | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) | 0 | 21 | 0.92 (0.84–1.00) | 41 | 23 |
BMI | |||||||||
 Normal range | 0.84 (0.60–1.19) | 31 | 7 | 0.81 (0.41–1.57) | 0 | 6 | 1.21 (0.77–1.90) | 0 | 5 |
 Overweight and obese | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0 | 24 | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) | 5 | 24 | 0.92 (0.83–1.01) | 49 | 23 |
Elevated total cholesterol | |||||||||
 ≥ 200 mg/dL | 0.98 (0.91–1.05) | 15 | 10 | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 0 | 8 | 0.82 (0.74–0.91) | 6 | 7 |
Elevated LDL | |||||||||
 ≥ 120 mg/dL | 1.01 (0.90–1.14) | 36 | 7 | 0.97 (0.87–1.07) | 0 | 6 | 0.86 (0.70–1.07) | 45 | 5 |
Decreased HDL | |||||||||
 < 50 mg/dL | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 15 | 11 | 0.99 (0.89–1.09) | 20 | 10 | 0.90 (0.82–0.98) | 0 | 8 |
Elevated triglyceride | |||||||||
 ≥ 150 mg/dL | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | 13 | 8 | 0.99 (0.90–1.09) | 16 | 8 | 0.92 (0.83–1.01) | 0 | 7 |
Proportion of smokers | |||||||||
 < 25% | 0.91 (0.84–0.98) | 2 | 12 | 0.99 (0.88–1.11) | 0 | 13 | 0.81 (0.67–0.99) | 41 | 12 |
 ≥ 25% | 0.99 (0.95–1.05) | 7 | 15 | 0.99 (0.91–1.01) | 0 | 12 | 0.92 (0.87–0.98) | 0 | 12 |
Hypertension | |||||||||
 Only patients with hypertension | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 0 | 12 | 1.02 (0.80–1.29) | 27 | 12 | 0.82 (0.66–1.03) | 57 | 13 |
Chronic heart failure (CHF) | |||||||||
 Only patients without CHF | 0.97 (0.92–1.03) | 0 | 11 | 0.99 (0.83–1.18) | 43 | 12 | 0.85 (0.73–1.00) | 47 | 11 |
 Only patients with CHF | 1.00 (0.85–1.19) | 75 | 6 | 1.06 (0.86–1.32) | 0 | 8 | 1.04 (0.81–1.32) | 14 | 8 |
Diabetes mellitus (DM) | |||||||||
 Only patients without DM | 0.99 (0.38–2.61) | 0 | 2 | 0.65 (0.26–1.59) | 48 | 3 | 0.72 (0.50–1.04) | 37 | 3 |
 Only patients with DM | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) | 0 | 7 | 0.99 (0.53–1.80) | 67 | 4 | 1.31 (0.73–2.35) | 30 | 3 |
Ischemic/coronary artery disease | |||||||||
 Only patients with ischemic/coronary artery disease | 1.06 (0.91–1.22) | 25 | 7 | 0.97 (0.88–1.07) | 0 | 7 | 1.02 (0.84–1.24) | 0 | 5 |
Chronic kidney disease | |||||||||
 Only patients with chronic kidney disease | 0.86 (0.66–1.12) | 50 | 8 | 0.99 (0.71–1.41) | 20 | 9 | 1.08 (0.83–1.39) | 0 | 8 |