Serum human epididymis protein 4 level as a predictor of clinical worsening in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a pilot study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics between CW and Non-CW IPAH patients

Variables	Total (n = 55)	CW (n = 13)	Non-CW (n = 42)	P Value
Age, years	31 ± 9	34 ± 8	30 ± 10	0.11
Female, n (%)	46(83.6)	11(84.6)	35(83.3)	1.0
BMI, kg/m²	22.6 ± 3.0	21.7 ± 2.5	22.9 ± 3.1	0.18
WHO-FC III-IV, n (%)	27(49.1)	9(69.2)	18(42.8)	0.12
Laboratory tests
Creatinine, μmol/l	71.3 ± 15.2	74.1 ± 18.8	70.5 ± 14.0	0.46
Uric acid, μmol/l	443.2 ± 131.0	469.7 ± 172.1	435.0 ± 116.8	0.41
HsCRP, mg/l	1.7 ± 1.6	1.5 ± 1.5	1.8 ± 1.6	0.44
NT-proBNP, pg/ml	1181.8 ± 1102.3	1389.4 ± 1505.2	1117.6 ± 958.8	0.84
ET-1, fmol/ml	0.5 ± 0.6	0.7 ± 0.8	0.5 ± 0.5	0.62
HE4, ng/ml	6.9 ± 2.2	8.8 ± 2.5	6.3 ± 1.7	0.001
Hemodynamics
RAP, mmHg	4.9 ± 4.7	8.0 ± 5.1	4.0 ± 4.2	0.01
mPAP, mmHg	50.1 ± 10.6	51.5 ± 9.0	49.7 ± 11.0	0.59
PCWP, mmHg	6.6 ± 2.8	7.2 ± 2.9	6.4 ± 2.8	0.30
PVR, Wood units	10.8 ± 4.7	12.3 ± 5.3	10.3 ± 4.5	0.19
CI, L·min⁻¹·m⁻²	2.8 ± 0.9	2.5 ± 0.6	2.9 ± 0.9	0.23
SvO₂, %	70.5 ± 7.3	68.7 ± 6.7	71.0 ± 7.4	0.47

CW Clinical worsening, IPAH Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, BMI Body mass index, WHO-FC World Health Organization functional class, HsCRP High sensitive C-reactive protein, NT-proBNP N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide, ET-1 Endothelin-1, HE4 Human epididymis protein 4, RAP Right atrial pressure, mPAP Mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PCWP Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, PVR Pulmonary vascular resistance, CI Cardiac index, SvO2 Mixed venous oxygen saturation

ISSN: 1471-2261