Table 2 Comparison of clinical and biochemical characteristics of participants with PAD
Characteristic | PAD Absent n (%) | PAD present n (%) | Odds ratio | 95% Confidence interval |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age ≥ 50 years* | 97 (78.9) | 50 (64.9) | 0.50 | 0.26–0.94 |
Female sex* | 44 (35.8) | 39 (50.6) | 1.84 | 1.04–3.29 |
Duration of DM > 5 years | 74 (60.2) | 38 (49.4) | 1.55 | 0.87–2.75 |
Presence of hypertension | 91 (74.0) | 49 (63.6) | 0.62 | 0.33–1.14 |
Previous MI or Stroke | 7 (5.7) | 5 (6.5) | 1.15 | 0.35–3.76 |
Previous tobacco smoking | 5 (4.1) | 4 (5.2) | 0.77 | 0.20–2.97 |
Medications | ||||
Antihypertensives | 87 (70.7) | 47 (60.1) | 0.65 | 0.36–1.18 |
Lipid lowering drugs | 16 (13.0) | 9 (11.7) | 0.89 | 0.37–2.12 |
Antiplatelets | 28 (22.8) | 9 (11.7) | 0.47 | 0.20–1.06 |
BMI ≥25 kg/m2* | 77 (62.6) | 63 (81.8) | 2.69 | 1.35–5.33 |
Abnormal Waist Circumference | 82 (66.7) | 53 (68.8) | 1.10 | 0.60–2.03 |
Poor glycaemic control | 101 (82.1) | 61 (79.2) | 0.83 | 0.40–1.70 |
Elevated total cholesterol | 20 (16.3) | 13 (16.9) | 1.05 | 0.49–2.25 |
Elevated LDL cholesterol | 56 (45.5) | 43 (55.8) | 1.50 | 0.85–2.60 |
Low HDL cholesterol* | 89 (72.4) | 64 (85.3) | 2.22 | 1.05–4.72 |
Elevated Triglycerides | 32 (26.0) | 21 (27.3) | 1.07 | 0.56–2.03 |