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Table 1 Patient characteristics in first six-month interval after HFrEF diagnosis

From: Association of pulse rate with outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a retrospective cohort study

Characteristics

Overall

1st Pulse Rate Decile

5th Pulse Rate Decile

10th Pulse Rate Decile

p-value

N = 51,194

(47–59 bpm)

(72–75 bpm)

(97–117 bpm)

 

n = 7026

n = 5479

n = 2929

Age, y

66.9 ± 11.5

69.4 ± 11

11.4 ± 62.5

62.5 ± 10.9

<.0001

Sex (male), %

50,267 (98.2%)

6949 (98.9%)

5378 (98.2%)

2841 (97.0%)

<.0001

Race,%

 White

35,577 (76.9%)

5061 (79.7%)

3782 (76.4%)

1833 (68.5%)

<.0001

 African American

9784 (21.1%)

1170 (18.4%)

1062 (21.5%)

798 (29.8%)

 Other

912 (2.0%)

122 (1.9%)

106 (2.1%)

46 (1.7%)

BMI,%

  < 18.5, kg/m2

1225 (2.4%)

131 (1.9%)

123 (2.3%)

137 (4.8%)

<.0001

 18.5–24.9, kg/m2

12,766 (25.7%)

1959 (28.6%)

1360 (25.5%)

807 (28.2%)

 25–29.9, kg/m2

16,551 (33.3%)

2413 (35.2%)

1717 (32.2%)

816 (28.5%)

 30–34.9, kg/m2

10,998 (22.1%)

1425 (20.8%)

1221 (22.9%)

580 (20.3%)

  ≥ 35, kg/m2

8203 (16.5%)

929 (13.6%)

915 (17.2%)

520 (18.2%)

Baseline EF, %

26.6 ± 7.4

26.9 ± 7.4

26.6 ± 7.3

25.8 ± 7.5

<.0001

Serum Potassium, mEq/L

4.3 ± 0.5

4.4 ± 0.5

4.3 ± 0.5

4.3 ± 0.5

<.0001

Serum Sodium, mmol/L

138.9 ± 3.2

139.2 ± 2.9

138.9 ± 3.1

138.2 ± 3.3

<.0001

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

67.7 ± 24.1

63.7 ± 22.9

67.5 ± 24

74.9 ± 25.6

<.0001

Anemia, %

24,707 (48.3%)

3591 (51.1%)

2693 (49.2%)

1591 (54.3%)

0.0001

Coronary artery disease, %

37,147 (72.6%)

5484 (78.1%)

4097 (74.8%)

1820 (62.1%)

<.0001

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, %

17,902 (35.0%)

2286 (32.5%)

1926 (35.2%)

1409 (48.1%)

<.0001

Dementia, %

5944 (11.6%)

865 (12.3%)

625 (11.4%)

493 (16.8%)

<.0001

Diabetes, %

25,011 (48.9%)

3155 (44.9%)

2839 (51.8%)

1596 (54.5%)

<.0001

Hypertension, %

42,866 (83.7%)

6155 (87.6%)

4671 (85.3%)

2483 (84.8%)

<.0001

Peripheral vascular disease, %

13,091 (25.6%)

1981 (28.2%)

1423 (26.0%)

760 (26.0%)

0.0025

Stroke/Transient ischemic attack, %

9494 (18.6%)

1547 (22.0%)

1025 (18.7%)

512 (17.5%)

<.0001

Hyperlipidemia, %

38,370 (75.0%)

5577 (79.4%)

4229 (77.2%)

2006 (68.5%)

<.0001

Atrial fibrillation/flutter, %

2673 (5.2%)

464 (6.6%)

301 (5.5%)

188 (6.4%)

<.0001