Skip to main content

Table 2 Risk of first recurrent cardiovascular event in coronary patients, estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression

From: Preventable clinical and psychosocial factors predicted two out of three recurrent cardiovascular events in a coronary population

 

Model 1a

Model 2b

Modell 3c

RR

p-value

RR

p-value

RR

p-value

Age per 10 years

1.15 (1.00, 1.32)

0.050

1.12 (0.96, 1.30)

0.146

1.02 (0.87, 1.20)

0.792

Male sex

0.85 (0.63, 1.15)

0.299

0.93 (0.67, 1.27)

0.638

0.89 (0.64, 1.23)

0.472

Low educationd

1.68 (1.23, 2.31)

0.001

1.58 (1.15, 2.11)

0.005

1.51 (1.09, 2.09)

0.014

Never smoking

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Former smoking

1.54 (1.09, 2.19)

0.017

1.51 (1.06, 2.16)

0.024

1.46 (1.01, 2.10)

0.043

Current smoking

1.48 (0.97, 2.24)

0.067

1.32 (0.86, 2.02)

0.205

1.13 (0.73, 1.76)

0.587

Adequate physical activitye

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Low physical activity

1.36 (1.00, 1.85)

0.051

1.37 (1.00, 1.87)

0.049

1.35 (0.97, 1.87)

0.071

Physical inactivity

1.84 (1.29, 2.61)

0.001

1.78 (1.23, 2.58)

0.002

1.73 (1.18, 2.55)

0.005

LDL cholesterol per mmol/L increase

1.17 (1.00, 1.38)

0.057

1.17 (0.99, 1.37)

0.063

1.14 (0.97, 1.35)

0.119

Diabetes mellitus

1.64 (1.22, 2.19)

0.001

1.47 (1.09, 2.00)

0.013

1.35 (0.99, 1.84)

0.061

Systolic blood pressure per 10 mmHg increase

1.06 (0.99, 1.13)

0.111

1.06 (0.99, 1.13)

0.088

1.06 (0.99, 1.13)

0.114

Waist circumference per 10 cm increase

1.24 (1.00, 1.54)

0.048

1.06 (0.84, 1.33)

0.639

1.05 (0.83, 1.33)

0.687

C-reactive protein per mg/L increase

1.02 (0.98, 1.06)

0.346

    

Not participating in cardiac rehabilitation

1.42 (1.09, 1.86)

0.010

1.32 (1.01, 1.74)

0.045

1.29 (0.97, 1.70)

0.077

Not taking statin

2.08 (1.43, 3.03)

< 0.001

2.06 (1.33, 3.20)

0.001

2.13 (1.36, 3.36)

0.001

Heart failure

1.21 (0.86, 1.69)

0.281

    

Peripheral artery disease

1.96 (1.39, 2.75)

< 0.001

1.78 (1.26, 2.52)

0.001

1.73 (1.21, 2.49)

0.003

Stroke or transient ischemic attack

1.43 (0.94, 2.16)

0.091

1.28 (0.84, 1.95)

0.248

1.12 (0.72, 1.74)

0.617

Chronic kidney failure (eGFR< 60 mL/min/1.73m2)

1.84 (1.32,2.35)

< 0.001

1.62 (1.16, 2.27)

0.005

1.52 (1.08, 2.14)

0.016

HADS Anxiety sum per unit increase

1.04 (1.01, 1.08)

0.017

1.03 (1.00, 1.07)

0.031

1.03 (1.00, 1.07)

0.058

HADS Depression sum per unit increase

1.06 (1.02, 1.10)

0.002

1.05 (1.01, 1.09)

0.045

1.04 (1.00, 1.09)

0.028

  1. RR Relative risk, LDL Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HADS Hospital anxiety and depression score
  2. All analyses based on imputed dataset
  3. aAdjusted for age. Analysis is stratified by prior coronary events before the index event or not
  4. bAdjusted for coronary risk factors with p-value< 0.1 in crude or age adjusted analyses (smoking, LDL cholesterol, physical activity and systolic blood pressure) in addition to adjustments in Model 1
  5. cAdjusted for cardiovascular comorbidity with p-value < 0.1 in crude analyses (stroke, peripheral artery disease and kidney failure) in addition to adjustments in Model 2
  6. dCompletion of primary or secondary school only
  7. eAdequate physical activity is defined as ≥moderate physical activity for 30 min 2–3 times a week, low physical activity is defined as <moderate physical activity for 30 min 2–3 times a week, and physical inactivity as physical activity < 1 time a week
Back to article page

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2261

Contact us