Table 6 Bivariable associations between standard dose rivaroxaban eligible patients’ characteristics on low or standard dose of rivaroxaban
|  | Standard dose eligible that received low dose Rivaroxaban (n = 2551) | Standard dose eligible that received standard dose Rivaroxaban (n = 9341) | P value | Before Matching Standardized Difference | After Matching (N = 2397 vs 2397) Standardized Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Â | Â | 0.06 | Â | Â |
 2010–2012 | 8.2% | 7.1% |  | 0.0439 | 0.0031 |
 2013 | 17.9% | 17.1% |  | 0.0204 | 0.0098 |
 2014 | 23.8% | 22.7% |  | 0.0256 | 0.0248 |
 2015 | 21.4% | 22.7% |  | 0.0312 | 0.0051 |
 2016–2017 | 28.7% | 30.4% |  | 0.0379 | 0.0284 |
Region | Â | Â | 0.12 | Â | Â |
 Midwest | 15.1% | 14.4% |  | 0.0178 | 0.1713 |
 Northeast | 1.1% | 1.3% |  | 0.0229 | 0.1515 |
 South | 73.1% | 72.0% |  | 0.0254 | 0.2038 |
 West | 10.8% | 12.3% |  | 0.0476 | 0.0186 |
Age Category |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |
 65–69 | 8.5% | 19.7% |  | 0.3266 | 0 |
 70 to 74 | 15.9% | 30.3% |  | 0.3453 | 0 |
 75 to 79 | 21.6% | 25.5% |  | 0.0916 | 0 |
 80 to 84 | 25.3% | 15.9% |  | 0.2337 | 0 |
 85 to 89 | 18.8% | 6.9% |  | 0.3622 | 0 |
 90 or over | 9.8% | 1.7% |  | 0.3544 | 0 |
Sex |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |
 Female | 58.7% | 43.7% |  | 0.3044 | 0 |
 Male | 41.3% | 56.3% |  |  |  |
Race Category |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |
 White | 86.2% | 86.8% |  | 0.0164 | 0 |
 Black | 7.3% | 6.9% |  | 0.0144 | 0 |
 Hispanic | 2.4% | 1.3% |  | 0.0813 | 0 |
 Asian | 1.1% | 0.8% |  | 0.0304 | 0 |
 Other | 3.0% | 4.2% |  | 0.065 | 0 |
 Smoker | 21.1% | 23.0% | 0.05 | 0.044 | 0.003 |
Weight Category (based on ICD-9/ICD-10 codes for BMI) |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |
 Under | 2.9% | 1.4% |  | 0.1038 | 0.0682 |
 Healthy or Overweight | 20.1% | 13.6% |  | 0.1737 | 0.2328 |
 Obese or Severe Obese | 22.1% | 29.4% |  | 0.1684 | 0.0561 |
 Others | 55.0% | 55.6% |  | 0.0126 | 0.2406 |
Comorbid Conditions | |||||
 Prior Stroke | 26.9% | 21.3% | < 0.001 | 0.1295 | 0 |
 Prior major bleeding | 25.2% | 22.2% | 0.001 | 0.071 | 0 |
 Diabetes | 43.4% | 43.8% | 0.76 | 0.0069 | 0.1063 |
 Prior AMI | 7.0% | 5.3% | 0.001 | 0.0701 | 0 |
 Liver Disease | 2.4% | 2.9% | 0.14 | 0.0337 | 0.0139 |
 Heart Failure | 27.0% | 21.3% | < 0.001 | 0.1339 | 0 |
 Hypertension | 91.2% | 90.8% | 0.57 | 0.0128 | 0.0474 |
 Cardiomyopathy | 43.5% | 38.3% | < 0.001 | 0.1063 | 0.1134 |
 Pulmonary Circulatory dis | 13.9% | 9.8% | < 0.001 | 0.1277 | 0.0414 |
 COPD | 33.0% | 29.1% | < 0.001 | 0.0846 | 0.0972 |
 Prior blood transfusion | 3.7% | 1.8% | < 0.001 | 0.1173 | 0.0855 |
 Revascularization | 14.7% | 13.0% | 0.02 | 0.0495 | 0.08 |
 Implantable Devices | 14.1% | 11.6% | < 0.001 | 0.0766 | 0.0553 |
 Valve Disease | 38.1% | 35.7% | 0.02 | 0.051 | 0.0347 |
Concurrent Drugs (+/− 90 days of initiating DOAC) | |||||
 SSRI/SNRI | 33.3% | 27.4% | < 0.001 | 0.1289 | 0.0682 |
 Strong and moderate p-gp inhibitors | 15.7% | 16.1% | 0.67 | 0.0096 | 0 |
 Warfarin | 13.2% | 14.6% | 0.08 | 0.0391 | 0.1199 |
 Pgp inducers | 19.5% | 15.8% | < 0.001 | 0.097 | 0 |
 Strong p-gp and cyp3a4 dual inhibitors | 17.3% | 14.8% | 0.002 | 0.069 | 0.0232 |
 P-gp and cyp3a4 inducers | 19.5% | 15.8% | < 0.001 | 0.097 | 0 |
 Ace inhibitors | 62.4% | 62.1% | 0.77 | 0.0066 | 0.006 |
 Angiotensin receptor blockers | 33.8% | 33.8% | 0.98 | 0.0005 | 0.0222 |
 Beta blockers | 85.7% | 85.4% | 0.74 | 0.0075 | 0.042 |
 Calcium channel blockers | 59.6% | 57.3% | 0.03 | 0.0475 | 0.0179 |
 Digoxin | 23.4% | 19.8% | <.001 | 0.0892 | 0.0403 |
 Proton pump inhibitors | 56.2% | 49.5% | < 0.001 | 0.1356 | 0.0753 |
 NSAIDS | 53.2% | 48.7% | < 0.001 | 0.091 | 0.133 |
 Antiplatelets | 27.9% | 22.5% | < 0.001 | 0.1229 | 0.0785 |
 Insulin | 8.5% | 8.2% | 0.54 | 0.0136 | 0.0247 |
 Statins | 75.4% | 75.9% | 0.6 | 0.0114 | 0.0608 |
Renal Disease | |||||
 None or mild | 100.0% | 100.0% |  |  | Not available due to perfect match |
Moderate (GFR 30–60 ml/min/1.73 m2) |  |  |  |  |  |
Severe (GFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2) |  |  |  |  |  |