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Table 4 Bivariable associations between standard dose dabigatran eligible patients’ characteristics on low or standard dose of dabigatran

From: Characteristics and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving direct oral anticoagulants in off-label doses

 

Standard dose eligible that received low dose Dabigatran (n = 1013)

Standard dose eligible that received standard dose Dabigatran (n = 5621)

P value

Before Matching

Standardized Difference

After Matching (N = 1001 vs 1001)

Standardized Difference

Year

  

< 0.001

  

 2010–12

50.0%

55.7%

 

0.116

0.198

 2013

18.6%

13.6%

 

0.137

0.174

 2014

11.6%

11.4%

 

0.008

0.032

 2015

10.9%

10.1%

 

0.026

0.047

 2016–17

9.0%

9.3%

 

0.009

0.040

Region

  

0.8

  

 Midwest

12.3%

12.9%

 

0.017

0.024

 Northeast

1.7%

1.5%

 

0.018

0.016

 South

73.7%

74.3%

 

0.012

0.009

 West

12.2%

11.4%

 

0.027

0.006

Age Category

  

< 0.001

  

 65–69

6.7%

18.7%

 

0.365

0

 70 to 74

12.5%

27.3%

 

0.3755

0

 75 to 79

19.0%

24.9%

 

0.143

0

 80 to 84

26.4%

17.9%

 

0.206

0

 85 to 89

18.5%

6.9%

 

0.351

0

 90 or over

17.0%

4.4%

 

0.415

0

Sex

  

< 0.001

  

 Female

55.6%

46.8%

 

0.176

0

 Male

44.4%

53.2%

   

Race Category

  

< 0.001

  

 White

84.0%

87.9%

 

0.113

0

 Black

10.1%

6.6%

 

0.126

0

 Hispanic

2.5%

1.6%

 

0.059

0

 Asian

1.2%

0.6%

 

0.066

0

 Other

2.3%

3.3%

 

0.060

0

 Smoker

15.0%

16.8%

0.15

0.049

0.037

Weight Category (based on ICD-9/ ICD-10 codes for BMI)

  

0.003

  

 Under Weight

1.1%

0.6%

 

0.057

0.031

 Healthy or Overweight

10.8%

8.3%

 

0.082

0.013

 Obese or Severe Obese

20.0%

23.4%

 

0.084

0.054

 Others

68.1%

67.6%

 

0.010

0.061

Comorbid Conditions

 Prior Stroke

26.9%

23.9%

0.04

0.067

0.011

 Prior Major Bleeding

25.8%

23.9%

0.2

0.044

0.042

 Diabetes

48.9%

48.0%

0.6

0.018

0.066

 Prior AMI

6.9%

5.0%

0.01

0.082

0.103

 Liver Disease

3.6%

2.5%

0.07

0.059

0.126

 Heart Failure

45.0%

29.7%

< 0.001

0.320

0.274

 Hypertension

95.1%

93.0%

0.01

0.089

0.088

 Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

53.4%

46.4%

< 0.001

0.140

0.110

 Pulmonary Circulatory Disease

15.6%

11.0%

< 0.001

0.135

0.083

 COPD

35.7%

31.0%

0.003

0.1

0.115

 Blood Transfusion

3.2%

2.4%

0.18

0.044

0

 Revascularization

16.8%

14.5%

0.05

0.063

0.075

 Implantable cardiac device

15.5%

13.1%

0.04

0.068

0.011

 Valve Disease

44.1%

40.0%

0.015

0.083

0.024

Concurrent Drugs (+/− 90 days of initiating DOAC)

 SSRI/SNRI

34.0%

30.0%

0.01

0.085

0.126

 Strong and moderate p-gp inhibitors

7.3%

12.9%

< 0.001

0.188

0.135

 Warfarin

19.9%

24.0%

0.004

0.099

0.237

 Strong p-gp and cyp3a4 dual inhibitors

17.0%

18.2%

0.3

0.0325

0.032

 ACE inhibitors

68.4%

67.2%

0.45

0.0257

0.081

 Angiotensin receptor blockers

38.6%

38.1%

0.8

0.0094

0.010

 Beta blockers

90.7%

88.4%

0.03

0.0759

0.108

 Calcium channel blockers

65.5%

63.2%

0.15

0.0488

0.040

 Digoxin

32.1%

28.7%

0.03

0.0741

0.002

 Proton pump inhibitors

58.7%

55.2%

0.04

0.0707

0.008

 NSAIDs

48.3%

50.4%

0.2

0.0433

0.04

 Antiplatelets

30.5%

25.7%

0.0015

0.1064

0.093

 Insulin

14.5%

12.1%

0.03

0.072

0.137

 Statins

79.1%

78.7%

0.8

0.009

0.079

Renal Disease

  

< 0.001

  

 None or Mild

33.6%

57.2%

 

0.489

0.255

 Moderate (GFR 30–60 ml/min/1.73 m2)

66.4%

42.8%

   

Severe (GFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2)

0.0%

0.0%

   
  1. Abbreviations: ACE Angiotensin converting enzyme, AMI Acute myocardial infarction, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICD International classification of diseases, NSAIDS Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, P-GP P-glycoprotein, CYP Cytochrome