Table 6 Comparison between participants with ΔFMD < 10% and those with ΔFMD ≥10%
|  | ΔFMD < 10% (n = 55) | ΔFMD ≥10% (n = 71) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Baseline FMD, % | 9.92 ± 5.48 | 6.11 ± 4.51 | < 0.001 |
1-year FMD, % | 9.35 ± 5.71 | 9.28 ± 5.61 | 0.951 |
Age, years | 58.62 ± 10.74 | 60.51 ± 11.19 | 0.387 |
Male, n (%) | 27 (49.1) | 35 (49.3) | 0.944 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.60 ± 3.69 | 25.50 ± 3.37 | 0.891 |
Smoking, n (%) | 14 (25.5) | 14 (19.7) | 0.803 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 19 (34.5) | 11 (15.5) | 0.017 |
Family history of premature cardiovascular diseases, n (%) | 14 (25.5) | 13 (18.3) | 0.644 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 23 (41.8) | 45 (63.4) | 0.012 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 71.66 ± 10.40 | 71.58 ± 10.12 | 0.970 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 129.14 ± 16.95 | 137.46 ± 14.66 | 0.010 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 75.09 ± 8.66 | 74.64 ± 10.87 | 0.733 |
Pulse pressure, mmHg | 54.05 ± 14.60 | 63.04 ± 16.04 | 0.005 |
Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 69.02 ± 14.41 | 63.55 ± 16.07 | 0.081 |
Uric acid, mmol/L | 330.23 ± 80.96 | 321.93 ± 100.05 | 0.657 |
Glucose, mmol/L | 5.41 ± 1.63 | 5.52 ± 1.21 | 0.715 |
HbA1c, % | 6.06 ± 1.07 | 6.21 ± 0.70 | 0.468 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.72 ± 0.69 | 1.68 ± 0.84 | 0.795 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 4.24 ± 0.88 | 4.21 ± 0.89 | 0.884 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.27 ± 0.31 | 1.38 ± 0.37 | 0.116 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.50 ± 0.74 | 2.39 ± 0.65 | 0.448 |
Homocysteine, μmol/L | 12.28 ± 2.89 | 14.53 ± 5.69 | 0.132 |
Ejection fraction, % | 64.26 ± 6.52 | 65.95 ± 7.24 | 0.291 |
Medications | ΔFMD < 10% (n = 55) | ΔFMD ≥10% (n = 71) | P-value |
Antiplatelet therapy | 37 (67.2) | 48 (67.6) | 0.879 |
ACE-I/ARB | 21 (38.2) | 35 (49.3) | 0.193 |
β-blockers | 27 (49.1) | 41 (57.7) | 0.291 |
Calcium channel blockers | 11 (20.0) | 17 (23.9) | 0.549 |
Diuretics | 4 (7.3) | 6 (8.5) | 0.777 |
Statins | 37 (67.3) | 49 (69.0) | 0.462 |
Hypoglycemic agents | 18 (32.7) | 11 (15.5) | 0.017 |
White blood cell, ×109/L | 6.35 ± 1.42 | 6.87 ± 1.94 | 0.542 |
Neutrophil, ×109/L | 3.53 ± 1.37 | 3.83 ± 1.70 | 0.352 |
Lymphocytes, ×109/L | 2.23 ± 0.90 | 2.02 ± 0.62 | 0.169 |
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.92 ± 1.35 | 2.00 ± 0.92 | 0.736 |
Red blood cell distribution width, % | 12.76 ± 0.63 | 12.96 ± 0.87 | 0.191 |
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 5.65 ± 11.42 | 5.95 ± 11.74 | 0.944 |
Endothelial progenitor cells per 106 cells | 36.11 ± 15.16 | 59.14 ± 24.36 | < 0.001 |