Fig. 1

TNF-α enhances the adhesion function and induce pyroptosis of HUVECs

Notes: After stimulating HUVECs with TNF-α treatment, fluorescence microscope was applied to observe the number of adhesion of THP-1 to HUVECs (200 ×) (a); The effect of TNF-α on mRNA and protein levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, and VCAM-1 were inspected by qRT-PCR (b), Western blot (c) and ELISA (d); The effect of TNF-α on pyroptosis was determined by qRT-PCR (e), western blot (f) and ELISA (g) to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1, ASC, NLRP3, IL-6, and IL-10; The expression of caspase-1 was performed by immunofluorescence (h), and ROS level was measured by DCF-DA kit (I); Data were presented as mean ± SD, ^**P < 0.01 ^***P < 0.001 compared to the Control group; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; SD, standard deviation