Table 1 Baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics among Chinese patients with PreDM or T2DM

 Age (years)

61.55 ± 5.18

61.36 ± 5.36

0.127

61.13 ± 4.46

61.51 ± 6.53

0.082

 BMI (kg/m²)

24.89 ± 2.67

24.85 ± 3.20

0.299

24.68 ± 3.47

25.12 ± 3.76

0.148

 WC (cm)

87.75 ± 8.44

85.07 ± 9.02

0.015

89.49 ± 9.05

84.92 ± 8.67

<0.001

 Smoking (%)

31(40.26)

1(0.71)

<0.001

128(42.67%)

11(1.83%)

< 0.001

 SBP (mmHg)

134.91 ± 16.82

132.48 ± 16.28

0.142

135.29 ± 20.05

135.23 ± 18.45

0.830

 DBP (mmHg)

79.35 ± 11.93

79.70 ± 10.82

0.977

80.31 ± 11.09

79.09 ± 9.99

0.146

 TC (mmol/L)

5.03 ± 0.89

5.24 ± 1.00

0.087

4.33 ± 1.17

4.68 ± 1.24

< 0.001

 TG (mmol/L)

1.78 ± 0.94

1.85 ± 1.02

0.675

1.83 ± 1.30

1.95 ± 1.40

0.102

 HDL (mmol/L)

1.40 ± 0.39

1.51 ± 0.37

0.072

1.09 ± 0.31

1.24 ± 0.54

< 0.001

 LDL (mmol/L)

3.00 ± 0.78

3.10 ± 0.72

0.367

2.78 ± 0.87

2.92 ± 1.20

0.072

 FPG (mmol/L)

5.89 ± 0.58

5.86 ± 0.59

0.890

8.02 ± 2.57

8.29 ± 2.92

0.305

 2hPG (mmol/L)

7.96 ± 1.88

7.73 ± 1.54

0.257

16.01 ± 5.01

16.52 ± 4.98

0.216

 HbA1c (%)

5.99 ± 0.36

5.94 ± 0.34

0.328

9.23 ± 2.51

9.10 ± 2.49

0.402

 FSI (μIU/ml)

10.39 ± 4.58

11.46 ± 4.00

0.114

8.81 ± 6.35

10.24 ± 7.97

0.007

 HOMA-β

61.13 ± 26.97

67.41 ± 23.56

0.114

51.59 ± 47.94

57.41 ± 53.22

0.124

 HOMA-IR

2.70 ± 1.19

3.00 ± 1.13

0.145

3.20 ± 2.90

3.72 ± 3.27

0.005

 10-year ICVD risk (%)

7.54 ± 6.71

4.97 ± 5.20

<0.001

9.64 ± 9.58

11.77 ± 10.56

0.014

 Moderate or greater ICVD risk n (%)

16(20.78)

23(16.43)

0.424

71(23.67)

283(47.17)

<0.001