Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
From: Predictors of one-year outcomes in chronic heart failure: the portrait of a middle income country
Variable | Total (n = 695) |
|---|---|
Age (years) | 55.4 + 12.2 |
Gender (Male) n(%) | 470 (67.6) |
Race n(%) | |
Asian | 7 (1.0) |
Black | 107 (15.4) |
Mixed | 345 (49.6) |
White | 236 (34.0) |
Hypertension n(%) | 448 (64.5) |
Diabetes n(%) | 205 (29.5) |
Dyslipidemias n(%) | 462 (66.5) |
Smoking n(%) | 64 (9.2) |
Chronic Renal Failure n(%) | 187 (26.9) |
COPD n(%) | 49 (0.07) |
CABG n(%) | 34 (0.04) |
PCI n(%) | 50 (0.07) |
HIV n(%) | 2 (0.003) |
Heart Failure Class n(%) | |
NYHA I | 130 (18.7) |
NYHA II | 433 (62.3) |
NYHA III | 127 (18.3) |
NYHA IV | 5 (0.7) |
Ejection Fraction (%) | 32.0 + 8.6 |
LVDD n(%) | 64.1 + 8.3 |
Heart failure etiology n(%) | |
hypertensive | 181 (26.0) |
ischemic | 152 (21.9) |
chagasic | 118 (17.0) |
idiopathic | 108 (19.6) |
other | 136 (8.6) |
Weight (Kg) | 75.8 + 19.1 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.9 + 6.0 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 71.2 + 14.3 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 123.5 + 23.8 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76.2 + 14.6 |
Dyspnea n(%) | 599 (86.2) |
Orthopnea n(%) | 263 (37.8) |
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea n(%) | 150 (21,6) |
Jugular venous distension n(%) | 250 (36.0) |
Pulmonary rales n(%) | 52 (7.5) |
Peripheral edema n(%) | 127 (18.3) |
Third heart sound n(%) | 50 (7.2) |
Hepatojugular reflux n(%) | 71 (10.2) |
Capillary filling time (3–5 s) n(%) | 19 (2.7) |
Ascitis n(%) | 18 (2.6) |
Hepatomegaly n(%) | 79 (11.4) |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.27 + 0.77 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 49.3 + 23.7 |
CKD-EPI (μmol/L) | 68.2 + 22.7 |
Sodium (mg/dL) | 139.3 + 2.72 |
Potassium (mg/dL) | 4.8 + 0.6 |
Hemoglobin (mg/dL) | 13.9 + 1.7 |
Hematocrit (%) | 43.0 + 5.2 |
Blood glucose fasting (mg/dL) | 113.6 + 51.2 |
Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 6.3 + 0.7 |
High sensitive troponin (ng/dL) | 0.040 + 0.062 |
BNP (pg/mL) | 149 (54–355) |
Medication in use n (%) | |
Beta blocker | 673 (96.8) |
ACE inhibitor | 427 (61.4) |
ARB | 207 (30.0) |
Nitrate | 98 (14.1) |
Hydralazine | 116 (16.7) |
Diuretic | 631 (90.8) |
Digital | 165 (23.7) |
Lipid lowering | 332 (47.8) |