Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics, conventional two-dimensional echocardiographic parameters between T2DM patients and normal subjects (mean ± SD)

Clinical

Age (yrs)

55.57 ± 11.08

50.42 ± 13.88

Male

34(51)

27(52)

Height(cm)

166.08 ± 8.64

163.60 ± 8.15

Weight(kg)

66.08 ± 11.61

56.68 ± 8.57

BSA(m²)

1.71 ± 0.19

1.57 ± 0.14

BMI (kg/m²)

22.67 ± 1.44

21.99 ± 1.18

Heart Rate(bpm)

76.39 ± 9.52

71.85 ± 11.49

SBP (mmHg)

127.55 ± 12.64

118.25 ± 10.36

DBP (mmHg)

78.10 ± 8.85

72.60 ± 7.54

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

13.41 ± 4.38

4.82 ± 0.64

Two-hour postprandial blood sugar(mmol/L)

15.13 ± 4.52

5.66 ± 0.73

HbA1c (%)

10.34 ± 2.25

4.98 ± 0.73

I

51(51)

52(52)

II

0(51)

0(52)

III

0(51)

0(52)

IV

0(51)

0(52)

Diet treatment

0(51)

Oral drug

10(51)

Insulin

26(51)

Insulin+Oral drug

15(51)

Echocardiography

LA D(mm)

35.53 ± 3.88

34.65 ± 3.29

IVSD(mm)

9.39 ± 1.25

9.15 ± 0.98

LVPWD(mm)

9.06 ± 1.21

9.00 ± 1.08

LVDD(mm)

47.00 ± 3.64

46.94 ± 3.15

LVEDV(ml)

72.29 ± 14.78

79.02 ± 12.64

Indexed LVEDV (ml/m²)

42.72 ± 9.25

50.63 ± 8.68

LVESV(ml)

27.39 ± 5.99

28.29 ± 7.61

Indexed LVESV (ml/m²)

16.16 ± 3.58

18.08 ± 4.80

LVEF(%)

62.06 ± 4.75

64.53 ± 5.51

LV mass(g)

149.81 ± 34.70

145.92 ± 31.07

Indexed LV mass(g/m²)

88.49 ± 21.71

92.95 ± 18.42

E(m/s)

0.79 ± 0.14

0.83 ± 0.16

A(m/s)

0.69 ± 0.19

0.69 ± 0.18

E/A

1.23 ± 0.35

1.27 ± 0.38

e′(m/s)

0.09 ± 0.02

0.11 ± 0.02

a′ (m/s)

0.10 ± 0.02

0.08 ± 0.02

E/e′

10.39 ± 2.50

8.13 ± 2.61

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

LS-endo

−23.46 ± 2.42

−24.22 ± 2.99

LS-mid

−20.29 ± 2.15

−20.92 ± 2.61

LS-epi

−17.64 ± 1.94

−18.15 ± 2.35

LSr

−1.06 ± 0.16

−1.12 ± 0.19