Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subjects in controls, normocalcemic PHPT and hypercalcemic PHPT group

Female

48 (80.0%)

29 (82.9%)

47 (78.3%)

0.759

0.815

Diabetes

–

8 (22.8%)

14 (23.3%)

–

–

Dyslipidemia

10 (16.7%)

22 (62.9%)

36 (60.0%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Hypertension

9 (15.0%)

15 (42.9%)

38 (63.3%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Smoking

10 (16.7%)

5 (14.3%)

12 (20.0%)

0.743

0.759

Obesity

26 (43.3%)

16 (45.7%)

32 (53.3%)

0.810

0.339

İnsulin resistance

13 (21.7%)

21 (60.0%)

41 (68.3%)

0.002

0.001

Nephrolithiasis

3 (0.05%)

9 (25.7%)

29 (48.3%)

0.001

< 0.001

Osteoporosis

–

8 (22.9%)

23 (38.3%)

–

–

Fractures

–

2 (5.7%)

6 (10.0%)

–

–

Subjects using medications (%)

–

–

–

 Antilipidemic drugs

14 (40.0%)

27 (45.0%)

 Antihypertensive drugs

13 (37.1%)

33 (55.0%)

 Oral antidiabetic/insulin drugs

7 (20.0%)

13 (21.6%)

Age (year)

52.49 ± 8.17

53.06 ± 8.76

52.11 ± 10.04

0.204

0.320

BMI (kg/m²)

29.31 ± 3.59

29.97 ± 3.73

31.09 ± 5.17

0.629

0.009

Waist-hip-ratio

0.92 ± 0.09

0.90 ± 0.06

0.90 ± 0.06

0.293

0.375

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

77.5 ± 5.4

82.3 ± 5.8

83.2 ± 7.6

0.001

< 0.001

Systolic BP (mmHg)

121.6 ± 9.2

136.6 ± 16.5

138.9 ± 16.4

< 0.001

< 0.001

iPTH (pg/ml)

46.1 ± 10.3

145.8 ± 40.1

188.5 ± 93.3

< 0.001

< 0.001

Albumin-corrected calcium (mg/dl)

8.78 ± 0.29

9.85 ± 0.30

11.25 ± 0.69

< 0.001

< 0.001

Phosphorus (mg/dl)

3.22 ± 0.44

2.98 ± 0.48

2.57 ± 0.41

0.082

< 0.001

ALP (IU/L)

70.09 ± 14.85

103.51 ± 40.82

107.00 ± 44.27

< 0.001

< 0.001

25 (OH) vitamin D₃ (nmol/l)

32.94 ± 4.89

33.43 ± 3.18

32.06 ± 4.65

0.845

0.692

Glucose (mg/dl)

86.69 ± 5.49

93.11 ± 12.19

95.00 ± 14.80

0.007

0.003

İnsulin (μIU/ml)

9.18 ± 3.96

13.26 ± 6.19

13.33 ± 5.24

0.002

< 0.001

HOMA-IR

1.98 ± 0.90

3.06 ± 1.47

3.13 ± 1.25

< 0.001

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

185.60 ± 21.22

210.09 ± 39.46

204.80 ± 37.98

0.002

0.01

LDL-C (mg/dl)

107.80 ± 17.61

129.20 ± 33.11

123.54 ± 30.33

0.001

0.01

HDL-C (mg/dl)

52.80 ± 7.68

49.17 ± 10.56

49.34 ± 11.29

0.104

0.136

TG (mg/dl)

125.00 ± 51.20

158.60 ± 61.78

159.57 ± 67.34

0.016

0.018

Creatinine clerance (ml/min/1.73 m²)

113.92 ± 10.85

112.89 ± 27.26

107.15 ± 28.37

0.834

0.198

Urinary calcium (mmol/dl)

.

218.69 ± 162.74

438.49 ± 186.99

–

–

Cardiovascular risk score

5.74 ± 3.24

11.98 ± 10.11

14.62 ± 11.06

0.001

< 0.001