Table 1 Eligibility criteria applied in this meta-analysis
Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria | |
|---|---|---|
Study type | All controlled intervention study | • Non-English study • Unfinished studies (Before Phase III) • Reviews, editorials, letters, notes, surveys, conference abstract |
Participants | • SVD characterised by: 1. Primary and secondary valve abnormalities 2. Prior valvular procedures | Non-human subjects |
Intervention | One of NOACs | Combined therapy with VKA |
Control | Warfarin and its derivatives | Combined therapy with heparin |
Outcome | • Efficacy: SSEE, Mortality • Safety: Major bleeding | Unpublished data |