Table 2 Medication Profile According to Hyperpolypharmacy

Prevalence of Hyperpolypharmacy

26%

–

–

–

Total Medication Count, mean (SD)

7.2 (3.7)

5.5 (2.5)

11.9 (2.0)

<0.001

Heart Failure Medications, mean (SD)

2.1 (1.3)

1.9 (1.3)

2.8 (1.2)

<0.001

 Beta blockers, %

61

56

77

<0.001

 ACEI or ARB, %

58

55

66

0.02

 Aldosterone antagonist, %

11

9

16

0.01

 Vasodilators, %

10

7

18

0.001

 Diuretics, %

60

53

78

<0.001

 Digoxin, %

13

12

17

0.08

Other Cardiovascular Agents, mean (SD)

1.6 (1.3)

1.3 (1.1)

2.5 (1.3)

<0.001

 Lipid Lowering, %

60

53

80

<0.001

 Anti-platelet agents, %

21

14

40

<0.001

 Anti-coagulation agents, %

21

19

26

0.06

 Anti-arrhythmic agents, %

26

23

32

0.02

 Calcium-channel blockers, %

22

19

31

0.001

 Anti-anginal agents, %

12

7

27

<0.001

 Other anti-hypertensive agents, %

14

10

24

<0.001

Non-cardiovascular medications, mean (SD)

3.4 (2.7)

2.3 (1.8)

6.6 (2.4)

<0.001

 Opioids, %

15

9

30

<0.001

 Non-opioid analgesic, %

11

8

19

0.004

 Benzodiazepines, %

9

6

18

<0.001

 Anti-depressants, %

23

17

41

<0.001

 Anti-psychotics, %

3

2

3

0.6

 Anti-diabetic agents, %

34

27

55

<0.001

 Antacids, %

32

23

60

<0.001

 Thyroid agents, %

20

16

30

<0.001

 Bronchodilators, %

15

9

29

<0.001

 GU Tract agents, %

4

2

8

0.001

 Minerals/vitamins, %

24

17

45

<0.001

 Anti-infective agents, %

9

6

17

0.001

 Anti-neoplastic agents, %

2

1

5

0.003

 Topical agents, %

9

5

17

<0.001