Table 3 Co-variates associated with short-term and chronic high-impact groups in different regions
Short-term high-impact | OR [95% CI] | Chronic high-impact | OR [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|
London | |||
Stroke^ | 4.39 [2.51–7.69] | Chronic renal disease+ | 11.82 [6.05–23.10] |
Anaemia^ | 4.26 [2.56–7.10] | Diabetes+ | 8.76 [5.05–15.18] |
Chronic renal disease* | 4.01 [2.23–7.24] | Valvular heart disease+ | 5.81 [3.39–9.97] |
Valvular heart disease* | 3.06 [1.84–5.10] | Stroke+ | 5.64 [3.16–10.07] |
Chronic respiratory disease* | 2.86 [1.75–4.66] | Chronic respiratory disease+ | 4.62 [2.64–8.08] |
Female sex* | 2.89 [1.68–4.95] | ||
Anaemia* | 2.75 [1.65–4.57] | ||
East of England | |||
Anaemia* | 8.33 [3.56–19.49] | ||
North-East | |||
Congenital heart disease* | 3.74 [2.27–6.17] | Hypertension+ | 14.88 [8.00–27.66] |
Chronic renal disease+ | 3.00 [2.64–3.42] | Cardiac arrhythmia+ | 6.17 [5.00–7.61] |
Dementia+ | 2.86 [2.46–3.32] | Mood disorder+ | 5.81 [4.62–7.32] |
Cardiac arrhythmia+ | 2.75 [2.41–3.13] | Chronic respiratory disease+ | 5.31 [4.18–6.75] |
Hypertension+ | 2.59 [2.16–3.10] | Chronic renal disease+ | 4.90 [3.97–6.05] |
Mood disorder+ | 2.51 [2.12–2.97] | Anaemia+ | 4.14 [3.39–5.05] |
Chronic respiratory disease+ | 2.32 [2.03–2.64] | Dementia+ | 3.86 [2.97–5.00] |
Anaemia+ | 2.23 [1.95–2.53] | Pulmonary embolism^ | 2.66 [1.86–3.82] |
Valvular heart disease+ | 2.12 [1.84–2.44] | Diabetes+ | 2.44 [1.99–2.97] |
Stroke+ | 1.65 [1.49–1.82] | Stroke+ | 2.29 [1.88–2.80] |
Atrial fibrillation* | 1.35 [1.22–1.49] | Atrial fibrillation+ | 2.18 [1.75–2.72] |
Older age+ | 0.74 [0.69–0.79] | Marital problems* | 2.18 [1.52–3.13] |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient^ | 0.61 [0.51–0.72] | Valvular heart disease^ | 2.12 [1.73–2.59] |
Peripheral vascular disease* | 1.82 [1.43–2.32] | ||
Ischaemic heart disease* | 1.58 [1.28–1.95] | ||
Exercise recommendation by GP* | 1.55 [1.25–1.93] | ||
History of flu vaccination+ | 1.52 [1.25–1.86] | ||
Older age+ | 0.41 [0.37–0.46] | ||
North-West | |||
Hypertension+ | 5.64 [3.42–9.30] | Older age* | 0.43 [0.31–0.59] |
Mood disorder+ | 3.29 [2.32–4.66] | Number of patients with increased out-of-hours GP visits (>90th percentile) ^ | 0.34 [0.23–0.50] |
Dementia^ | 3.13 [2.16–4.53] | GP visit for renal function monitoring* | 0.31 [0.19–0.51] |
Cardiac arrhythmia^ | 2.83 [2.10–3.82] | HF diagnosis as an inpatient+ | 0.19 [0.13–0.28] |
Chronic renal disease^ | 2.46 [1.82–3.32] | ||
Anaemia^ | 2.39 [1.77–3.22] | ||
Chronic respiratory disease* | 2.20 [1.63–2.97] | ||
History of flu vaccination* | 2.12 [1.54–2.92] | ||
Older age* | 0.48 [0.33–0.68] | ||
HF diagnosis as an inpatient* | 0.41 [0.27–0.61] | ||
South-Central | |||
Chronic respiratory disease^ | 5.93 [3.63–9.68] | Hypertension^ | 0.31 [0.17–0.55] |
Valvular heart disease+ | 5.75 [3.49–9.49] | Chronic renal disease* | 0.22 [0.14–0.37] |
Cardiac arrhythmia^ | 4.62 [2.64–8.08] | Older age* | 0.23 [0.12–0.41] |
Older age^ | 0.22 [0.13–0.39] | Dementia* | 0.19 [0.10–0.37] |
HF diagnosis as an inpatient+ | 0.06 [0.03–0.11] | ||
South-East | |||
Ischaemic heart disease+ | 17.64 [4.76–65.37] | Chronic renal disease* | 4.35 [3.00–6.30] |
Chronic renal disease^ | 8.76 [4.95–15.49] | Anaemia+ | 4.14 [2.89–5.93] |
Chronic respiratory disease^ | 5.53 [3.06–9.97] | Dementia^ | 3.16 [2.05–4.85] |
Cardiac arrhythmia* | 5.16 [3.00–8.85] | Cardiac arrhythmia* | 2.61 [1.80–3.78] |
Chronic respiratory disease+ | 2.23 [1.55–3.19] | ||
GP visit for HF medication review* | 0.38 [0.24–0.62] | ||
Older age* | 0.37 [0.23–0.58] | ||
West-Midlands | |||
Cardiac arrhythmia+ | 5.47 [3.49–8.58] | Chronic renal disease+ | 9.97 [5.21–19.11] |
Hypertension* | 4.06 [2.10–7.85] | Cardiac arrhythmia* | 5.70 [3.22–10.07] |
Chronic respiratory disease^ | 3.32 [2.18–5.05] | Stroke^ | 5.16 [2.94–9.03] |
Female sex* | 2.75 [1.73–4.35] | Chronic respiratory disease^ | 4.62 [2.61–8.17] |
Older age* | 0.39 [0.25–0.63] | Older age* | 0.26 [0.15–0.47] |
South-West | |||
History of flu vaccination* | 9.03 [3.00–27.11] | ||
Chronic respiratory disease* | 0.07 [0.02–0.25] | ||
Older age* | 0.03 [0.01–0.11] | ||
HF diagnosis as an inpatient+ | 0.01 [0.00–0.04] | ||