Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is associated with adverse prognosis in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction

Table 2 Subgroup analysis of the association between hypothyroidism and all-cause mortality or cardiac death and/or hospitalization in heart failure patients

	All-cause mortality					Cardiac death and/or hospitalization
		Heterogeneity		Meta-analysis			Heterogeneity		Meta-analysis
Subgroup	Number of studies	I²%	P value	HR	95% CI	Number of studies	I²%	P value	HR	95% CI
Age
≤ 65	5	55.0	0.064	1.70	1.31–2.20	1			1.23	1.08–1.40
> 65	7	0.0	0.603	1.31	1.14–1.50	6	55.3	0.048	1.37	1.14–1.65
Ethnicity
Europe	6	20.9	0.276	1.31	1.09–1.58	4	32.0	0.220	1.25	1.06–1.47
United States	3	0.0	0.901	1.53	1.31–1.80	1			1.23	1.08–1.40
Asian	3	76.6	0.014	1.67	1.00–2.78	2	63.3	0.099	1.76	1.11–2.81
Follow-up
≤ 24	5	51.4	0.083	1.70	1.30–2.23	2	0.0	0.343	1.28	1.09–1.50
> 24	7	17.8	0.294	1.35	1.17–1.56	5	62.8	0.030	1.36	1.11–1.66
Sample size
≤ 1000	7	45.6	0.088	1.57	1.25–1.97	3	72.3	0.027	1.53	1.09–2.15
> 1000	5	33.1	0.201	1.36	1.15–1.61	4	24.7	0.263	1.24	1.07–1.44
Score
≤4	4	0.0	0.688	1.51	1.22–1.86	4	60.6	0.054	1.48	1.17–1.87
> 4	8	58.2	0.019	1.43	1.18–1.73	3	25.5	0.261	1.32	1.15–1.51
Thyroid drug use
Yes	5	0.0	0.826	1.48	1.29–1.70	4	56.5	0.075	1.32	1.08–1.60
No	7	64.0	0.011	1.48	1.14–1.94	7	71.8	0.002	1.36	1.12–1.66
Amidarone use
Yes	6	43.8	0.113	1.31	1.08–1.57	5	46.2	0.115	1.33	1.13–1.56
No	6	19.1	0.289	1.57	1.30–1.90	6	73.7	0.002	1.36	1.09–1.70

ISSN: 1471-2261