Table 2 Characteristics of 12,159 incident atrial fibrillation patients by medication adherence status
From: Risk factors for medication non-adherence among atrial fibrillation patients
|  | Adherent n = 11,388 (93.7%) | Not Adherent n = 771 (6.3%) | P†|
|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographics | |||
Age, years |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Median | 72.7 | 70.1 |  |
 25th – 75th % | 64.4–79.9 | 59.5–79.1 |  |
Age group, years, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
  < 65 | 3017 (26.5) | 293 (38.0) |  |
 65–74 | 3549 (31.2) | 198 (25.7) |  |
 75–84 | 3523 (30.9) | 185 (24.0) |  |
  ≥ 85 | 1299 (11.4) | 95 (12.3) |  |
Male, n (%) | 6498 (57.1) | 435 (56.4) | 0.735 |
Race/Ethnicity, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Non-Hispanic White | 8505 (74.7) | 502 (65.1) |  |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 572 (5.0) | 81 (10.5) |  |
 Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander | 775 (6.8) | 64 (8.3) |  |
 Hispanic | 889 (7.8) | 75 (9.7) |  |
 Other/Unknown | 647 (5.7) | 49 (6.4) |  |
Marital Status, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.006 |
 Married/Partner | 7470 (65.6) | 463 (60.1) |  |
 Not Married/Partner | 3788 (33.3) | 300 (38.9) |  |
 Unknown | 130 (1.1) | 8 (1.0) |  |
Educational Attainment, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.299 |
 Less than High School | 929 (8.2) | 72 (9.3) |  |
 High School Graduate | 2110 (18.5) | 145 (18.8) |  |
 Some College | 4075 (35.8) | 290 (37.6) |  |
 Bachelor’s Degree or Higher | 3999 (35.1) | 243 (31.5) |  |
 Unknown | 275 (2.4) | 21 (2.7) |  |
Household Income, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.008 |
 $25,000 or less | 1694 (14.9) | 150 (19.5) |  |
 $25,001 – 50,000 | 2477 (21.8) | 168 (21.8) |  |
 $50,001 – 80,000 | 1967 (17.3) | 122 (15.8) |  |
 More than $80,000 | 2501 (22.0) | 169 (21.9) |  |
 Unknown | 2749 (24.1) | 162 (21.0) |  |
Questionnaire Language, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.349 |
 English | 11,077 (97.3) | 752 (97.5) |  |
 Spanish | 280 (2.5) | 19 (2.5) |  |
 Mandarin | 31 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) |  |
Region, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.941 |
 Northern California | 5854 (51.4) | 395 (51.2) |  |
 Southern California | 5534 (48.6) | 376 (48.8) |  |
Health Behaviors | |||
Physical Activity (past month), n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 None | 854 (7.5) | 86 (11.2) |  |
 Low/Moderate | 7683 (67.5) | 532 (69.0) |  |
 High | 2802 (24.6) | 149 (19.3) |  |
 Unknown | 49 (0.4) | 4 (0.5) |  |
Cigarette Use (past year), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.002 |
 Never | 4758 (41.8) | 303 (39.3) |  |
 Former | 5759 (50.6) | 383 (49.7) |  |
 Current | 624 (5.5) | 67 (8.7) |  |
 Unknown | 247 (2.2) | 18 (2.3) |  |
Alcohol Use (past year), n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never | 2364 (20.8) | 105 (13.6) |  |
 Former | 2245 (19.7) | 169 (21.9) |  |
 Current | 6585 (57.8) | 484 (62.8) |  |
 Unknown | 194 (1.7) | 13 (1.7) |  |
Self-Reported Health Status | |||
Poor Physical Health (past month), n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 0 days | 6313 (55.4) | 320 (41.5) |  |
 1–7 days | 2156 (18.9) | 196 (25.4) |  |
 8–21 days | 816 (7.2) | 78 (10.1) |  |
 22–28 days | 80 (0.7) | 7 (0.9) |  |
  ≥ 29 days | 821 (7.2) | 74 (9.6) |  |
 Unknown | 1202 (10.6) | 96 (12.5) |  |
Poor Mental Health (past month), n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 0 days | 7835 (68.8) | 400 (51.9) |  |
 1–7 days | 1401 (12.3) | 134 (17.4) |  |
 8–21 days | 593 (5.2) | 66 (8.6) |  |
 22–28 days | 66 (0.6) | 6 (0.8) |  |
  ≥ 29 days | 422 (3.7) | 50 (6.5) |  |
 Unknown | 1071 (9.4) | 115 (14.9) |  |
Self-Rated Current Health, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Poor | 641 (5.6) | 59 (7.7) |  |
 Fair | 2581 (22.7) | 228 (29.6) |  |
 Good | 4561 (40.1) | 271 (35.2) |  |
 Very Good | 2890 (25.4) | 168 (21.8) |  |
 Excellent | 625 (5.5) | 36 (4.7) |  |
 Unknown | 90 (0.8) | 9 (1.2) |  |
Sleep Affecting Daily Function (average), n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never | 2747 (24.1) | 145 (18.8) |  |
 Rarely | 5283 (46.4) | 294 (38.1) |  |
 1–3 days/week | 1685 (14.8) | 154 (20.0) |  |
 4–6 days/week | 431 (3.8) | 44 (5.7) |  |
 Almost every day | 1060 (9.3) | 126 (16.3) |  |
 Unknown | 182 (1.6) | 8 (1.0) |  |
Memory Decline (past 2–3 years), n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 5582 (49.0) | 294 (38.1) |  |
 Yes | 4601 (40.4) | 397 (51.5) |  |
 Unknown | 1205 (10.6) | 80 (10.4) |  |
Health Literacy, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Adequate | 8813 (77.4) | 536 (69.5) |  |
 Inadequate | 2575 (22.6) | 235 (30.5) |  |
Medical History | |||
Low-Dose Aspirin (past year; ≤100 mg/tablet), n (%) |  |  | 0.043 |
 Did not use in the last 12 mo. | 6462 (56.7) | 404 (52.4) |  |
 Did use in the last 12 mo. | 4488 (39.4) | 339 (44.0) |  |
 Unknown | 438 (3.9) | 28 (3.6) |  |
Aspirin or Aspirin-Product (past year; ≥325 mg/tablet), n (%) |  |  | 0.240 |
 Did not use in the last 12 mo. | 8431 (74.0) | 551 (71.5) |  |
 Did use in the last 12 mo. | 2287 (20.1) | 174 (22.6) |  |
 Unknown | 670 (5.9) | 46 (6.0) |  |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.003 |
  < 25 | 3211 (28.2) | 191 (24.8) |  |
 25–30 | 3915 (34.4) | 254 (32.9) |  |
  ≥ 30 | 3492 (30.7) | 284 (36.8) |  |
 Unknown | 770 (6.8) | 42 (5.5) |  |
Charlson Comorbidity Index (past year), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.124 |
 0 | 3773 (33.1) | 255 (33.1) |  |
 1 | 2346 (20.6) | 175 (22.7) |  |
 2 | 1652 (14.5) | 124 (16.1) |  |
  ≥ 3 | 3617 (31.8) | 217 (28.2) |  |
CHADS2 Score (past five years), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.049 |
 0 | 1849 (16.2) | 155 (20.1) |  |
 1 | 3959 (34.8) | 254 (32.9) |  |
 2 | 3782 (33.2) | 245 (31.8) |  |
  ≥ 3 | 1798 (15.8) | 117 (15.2) |  |
Coronary Heart Disease, n (%) | 1372 (12.1) | 92 (11.9) | 0.955 |
Chronic Heart Failure, n (%) | 2457 (21.6) | 167 (21.7) | 0.964 |
Dementia, n (%) | 288 (2.5) | 19 (2.5) | > 0.999 |
Depression, n (%) | 2309 (20.3) | 191 (24.8) | 0.004 |
Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 3096 (27.2) | 236 (30.6) | 0.041 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 8961 (78.7) | 568 (73.7) | 0.001 |
Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack, n (%) | 604 (5.3) | 39 (5.1) | 0.868 |