The prevalence and clinical correlates of adverse childhood experiences in a cross-sectional study of primary care patients with cardiometabolic disease or risk factors

Table 4 The association of individual types of ACE exposure to quality of life

Type of ACE	Prevalence	Exposure present		Exposure absent
		Quality of Life^a		Quality of Life
		Mean	SD	Mean	SD	F	Sig	Effect size (eta²)
Emotional abuse	27.8%	61.7	17.9	73.8	15.3	32.7	<.001	.10
Physical abuse	15.8%	59.2	18.4	72.6	15.8	25.9	<.001	.08
Sexual abuse	14.1%	64.8	18.3	71.4	16.6	5.3	.02	.02
Emotional neglect	20.8%	59.6	18.0	73.3	15.6	33.9	<.001	.11
Material deprivation	8.4%	58.4	21.9	71.6	16.0	14.0	<.001	.05
Separation or divorce	22.5%	63.4	20.8	72.6	15.2	15.2	<.001	.05
Family violence	9.9%	58.4	19.4	71.7	16.2	16.2	<.001	.06
Family drug use	20.8%	62.2	18.8	72.7	15.8	19.0	<.001	.06
Family mental illness	23.9%	62.0	19.3	73.2	15.2	24.5	<.001	.08
Incarceration of family member	4.9%	48.5	20.2	71.7	16.0	27.2	<.001	.09

^aQuality of life reported from 0 to 100 as the percent of maximum score of a scale from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good)

ISSN: 1471-2261