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Table 1 Study characteristics

From: Targeting the DPP-4-GLP-1 pathway improves exercise tolerance in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author, years

Study design

Patients

Intervention

Arturi2016

Open-label RCT

Total 32 participants

TGliraglutide: N = 10 (70% male) 59.5 ± 9 years, LVEF 41.5 ± 2.2%

TGsitagliptin:N = 10 (60% male) 60.5 ± 10 years, LVEF 41.8 ± 2.6%

CG: N = 12 (75% male) 60 ± 8 years LVEF 42 ± 1.5%,

Of all patients, 27 with NYHA class III and 5 with NYHA class II

liraglutide 1.8 mg

VS sitagliptin 100 mg

VS glargine insulin

Jorsal2016

Double-blinded RCT

Total 241 participates

TG: N = 122 (89%male) 65 ± 9.2 years LVEF 33.7 ± 7.6% NYHA class I-III

CG: N = 119(89%male) 65 ± 10.7 years LVEF35.4 ± 9.4% NYHA class I-III

liraglutide 1.8 mg

VS placebo

Lepore2016

Double-blinded RCT

Total 82 participates

TG:N = 27 (74%male) 58 ± 10 years LVEF 31 ± 8.3% NYHA class II-III

CG: N = 30 (70%male) 56 ± 10 years LVEF 32 ± 8.6% NYHA class II-III

25 participates in 3.75 mg or 15 mg was discontinued

Albiglutide 3.75 mg,15 mg,30 mg

VS placebo

Margulies2016

Double-blinded RCT

Total 300 participates

TG:N = 154(80%male) 62 (52–68) years LVEF 25(20–33)% NYHA class II-IV

CG:N = 146 (77%male) 61 (51–67) years LVEF 25 (19–32)% NYHA class II-IV

liraglutide; at 0.6 mg SQ daily for 7 days, 1.2 mg SQ daily from day 7 through day 30, 1.8 mg for the rest

VS placebo

Author, years

Follow-up

T2DM status

Additional antidiabetic drugs

Myocardial infraction history

Arturi2016

52 weeks

T2DM

Metformin or metformin and sulfonylurea

Prior acute myocardial infarction

Jorsal2016

24 weeks

With or without T2DM

Any anti-diabetes drugs except GLP-1 receptor agonists, glitziness, pramlintide or any DPP-4 inhibitor within 30 days prior to randomization. Patients treat with fast-acting insulin were also excluded

Myocardial infarction within 3 months were excluded

Lepore2016

12 weeks

Non-T2DM

NR

No myocardial infarction

Margulies2016

180 days

With or without T2DM

Ongoing GLP-1 agonists or DDP-4 inhibitors or thiazolidinedione are not allowed. If patients treated with DDP-4, washed out for a week was permitted

NR

  1. NYHA class New York Heart Association functional class, T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus, TG Test group, CG Control group, NR Not reported