Fig. 3

Changes of hemodynamics and echocardiographic features in patients newly introduced to the bisoprolol transdermal patch. In the add-on therapy group, 1 patient (patient 7) was newly introduced to the 8-mg bisoprolol transdermal patch and 3 patients (patient 8, patient 9, and patient 10) were newly introduced to the 4-mg bisoprolol transdermal patch. The resting pressure gradient by Doppler echocardiography is shown. HR = heart rate; BP = blood pressure; EF = ejection fraction, bpm = beats per minute