Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
| Â | Total Population n (%) | Men n (%) | Women n (%) | p Men vs. Women |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total sample size | 1777 | 695 (39.1) | 1082 (60.9) | 0.2732 |
Sociodemographic variables | ||||
 Age (y) | 42.5 ± 16.5 | 43 ± 16.8 | 42.1 ± 16.4 | 0.2732 |
Marital status | < 0.0001 | |||
 Married/in couple | 1336 (75.2) | 554 (79.7) | 782 (72.3) |  |
 Single | 213 (12.0) | 116 (16.4) | 97 (9.0) | |
 Widowed/divorced/separated | 228 (12.8) | 25 (3.6) | 203 (18.7) | |
Education | < 0.0001 | |||
 None | 1175 (66.1) | 348 (50.1) | 827 (76.4) |  |
 Primary | 406 (22.9) | 216 (31.1) | 190 (17.6) | |
 Higher | 196 (11.0) | 131 (18.8) | 65 (6.0) | |
Occupation | < 0.0001 | |||
 Farmer/breeder/fisherman | 337 (18.9) | 181 (26.0) | 156 (14.4) |  |
 Craftsman/storekeeper | 1170 (65.8) | 385 (55.4) | 785 (72.6) | |
 Employee/government employee | 130 (7.3) | 93 (13.4) | 37 (3.4) | |
 Homemade/retired | 50 (2.8) | 6 (0.9) | 44 (4.1) |  |
 Jobless | 90 (5.1) | 30 (4.3) | 60 (5.5) | |
Religiona | < 0.0001 | |||
 Christians | 1009 (61.6) | 374 (56.4) | 635 (65.1) |  |
 Animists | 529 (32.3) | 254 (38.3) | 275 (28.2) | |
 Other | 101 (6.2) | 35 (5.3) | 66 (6.7) | |
Average household income / month | < 0.0001 | |||
 Low | 1011 (56.9) | 237 (34.1) | 774 (71.5) |  |
 Middle | 748 (42.1) | 447 (64.3) | 301 (27.8) |  |
 High | 18 (1.0) | 11 (1.6) | 7 (0.7) |  |
Depression | 171 (9.7) | 54 (7.8) | 117 (10.8) | 0.0400 |
Anxiety | 249 (14.0) | 63 (9.1) | 186 (17.2) | < 0.0001 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
Body mass index: kg/m2 | 24.2 ± 11.9 | 23.2 ± 6.5 | 24.8 ± 5.6 | < 0.0001 |
 < 18.5 | 210 (11.9) | 97 (14.0) | 114 (10.5) |  |
 18.5–25 | 1032 (58.3) | 436 (63.0) | 595 (55.1) |  |
 25–30 | 374 (21.1) | 129 (18.6) | 245 (22.7) |  |
>Â 30 | 155 (8.7) | 30 (4.4) | 125 (11.7) | Â |
Tobacco use | 152 (8.6) | 93 (13.4) | 59 (5.5) | < 0.0001 |
 Smoked tobacco | 100 (5.6) | 78 (11.2) | 22 (2.0) | < 0.0001 |
 Chewed tobacco | 76 (4.9) | 29 (4.2) | 47 (4.3) | 0.0658 |
Diabetesb | 55 (3.1) | 21 (3.1) | 34 (3.2) | 0.9168 |
Physical activity < 150 min/week | 1037(58.4) | 394 (56.7) | 643 (59.4) | 0,2182 |
Hypertension | 584 (32.9) | 228 (32.8) | 356 (33.0) | 0.9342 |
Nutritional variables | ||||
 Fruits and vegetables < 5/day | 1603 (90.2) | 618 (88.9) | 985 (91.0) | 0.1512 |
 Alcohol consumption | < 0.0001 | |||
  Abstainers | 847 (47.7) | 196 (28.2) | 651 (60.2) |  |
  Light | 513 (28.9) | 200 (28.8) | 310 (28.7) |  |
  Moderate to heavy | 417 (23.5) | 299 (43.0) | 118 (10.9) |  |
 Salt intake (often or very often)c | 1029 (58.6) | 344 (49.7) | 685 (63.3) | < 0.0001 |