Table 3 Subgroup analyses for cardiac death
Factor | Subgroup | RR and 95% CI | P value | Heterogeneity (%) | P value for heterogeneity | P value between subgroups |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Publication year | Before 2010 | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) | 0.170 | 82.7 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
2010 or after | 0.85 (0.67–1.08) | 0.174 | 73.8 | 0.022 | ||
Sample size | ≥ 10,000 | 1.13 (0.88–1.47) | 0.334 | 92.8 | < 0.001 | 0.513 |
<  10,000 | 0.98 (0.76–1.25) | 0.846 | 84.8 | < 0.001 | ||
Percentage male (%) | ≥ 60.0 | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | 1.000 | – | – | 0.023 |
<  60.0 | 1.03 (0.83–1.26) | 0.812 | 85.7 | < 0.001 | ||
Assessment of exposure | FFQ | 1.01 (0.59–1.70) | 0.982 | 92.9 | < 0.001 | 0.025 |
24 h urine collection | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 0.746 | 82.2 | < 0.001 | ||
Follow-up duration (years) | ≥ 10.0 | 1.24 (1.02–1.50) | 0.034 | 78.0 | 0.011 | < 0.001 |
<  10.0 | 0.91 (0.74–1.11) | 0.329 | 77.4 | 0.001 | ||
Adjusted BMI | Yes | 1.13 (0.96–1.32) | 0.146 | 85.2 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
No | 0.72 (0.59–0.90) | 0.003 | 0.0 | 0.506 | ||
Adjusted smoking | Yes | 1.09 (0.88–1.33) | 0.433 | 85.3 | < 0.001 | 0.003 |
No | 0.84 (0.56–1.27) | 0.415 | 78.5 | 0.031 | ||
Adjusted alcohol | Yes | 1.04 (0.83–1.31) | 0.735 | 87.5 | < 0.001 | 0.028 |
No | 0.99 (0.74–1.34) | 0.959 | 80.4 | 0.006 | ||
Adjusted Previous CVD | Yes | 0.84 (0.56–1.27) | 0.415 | 78.5 | 0.031 | 0.003 |
No | 1.09 (0.88–1.33) | 0.433 | 85.3 | < 0.001 | ||
Adjusted DM | Yes | 0.98 (0.78–1.23) | 0.855 | 87.4 | < 0.001 | 0.125 |
No | 1.14 (0.84–1.53) | 0.400 | 80.3 | 0.024 | ||
Adjusted PA | Yes | 1.09 (0.91–1.30) | 0.355 | 87.2 | < 0.001 | 0.113 |
No | 0.90 (0.59–1.38) | 0.636 | 85.0 | 0.001 | ||
Adjusted potassium | Yes | 0.97 (0.78–1.19) | 0.744 | 88.2 | < 0.001 | 0.070 |
No | 1.10 (0.82–1.46) | 0.533 | 83.6 | < 0.001 |