Using an introduced index to assess the association between food diversity and metabolic syndrome and its components in Chinese adults

Table 5 Distribution of Chinese HFD-index in participants of two studies

Factor	Group	CUADHS		CHNS
Factor	Group	\( \overline{x}\pm s \)	P	\( \overline{x}\pm s \)	P
Total		0.41 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
Gender	Male	0.38 ± 0.10	<0.001	0.37 ± 0.06	<0.001
Gender	Female	0.42 ± 0.10	<0.001	0.38 ± 0.06	<0.001
Age	18~ 44.9 years	0.39 ± 0.10	<0.001	0.37 ± 0.06	0.001
	45~ 54.9 years	0.41 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	55~ 64.9 years	0.40 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	≥65 years	0.42 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.07
Educational attainment	Illiterate	0.39 ± 0.09	0.018	0.36 ± 0.06	<0.001
	Middle school or lower	0.40 ± 0.10		0.37 ± 0.06
	High school or professional training education	0.42 ± 0.10		0.39 ± 0.07
	Undergraduate education or higher	0.41 ± 0.10		0.41 ± 0.07
Drinking behavior	Yes	0.40 ± 0.10	0.001	0.37 ± 0.06	<0.001
Drinking behavior	No	0.42 ± 0.10	0.001	0.38 ± 0.06	<0.001
Smoking behavior	Never smoked	0.42 ± 0.10	<0.001	0.38 ± 0.06	<0.001
	Former smoker	0.39 ± 0.11		0.38 ± 0.07
	Current smoker	0.37 ± 0.09		0.37 ± 0.06
BMI	<18.5 kg/m2	0.40 ± 0.09	0.367	0.38 ± 0.06	0.875
	18.5~ 24.0 kg/m2	0.41 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	24.0~ 28.0 kg/m2	0.41 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	≥28.0 kg/m2	0.40 ± 0.10		0.37 ± 0.07
Physical activity^a	Sedentary group	0.40 ± 0.09	0.443	0.38 ± 0.06	<0.001
	T1	0.41 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	T2	0.41 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	T3	0.41 ± 0.10		0.37 ± 0.06
Energy intake^b	Q1	0.41 ± 0.10	<0.001	0.38 ± 0.07	<0.001
	Q2	0.42 ± 0.10		0.38 ± 0.06
	Q3	0.41 ± 0.09		0.38 ± 0.06
	Q4	0.39 ± 0.10		0.36 ± 0.06

Note:^aSubjects who only reported sedentary behaviors were classified as Sedentary group, the others were trisected into three groups (T1, T2 and T3) according to the calculated metabolic equivalents (MET)/d from the smallest to the highest;
^bEnergy intakes were quadrisected into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) from the smallest to the highest

ISSN: 1471-2261