Using an introduced index to assess the association between food diversity and metabolic syndrome and its components in Chinese adults

Zhao, Wenzhi; Zhang, Jian; Zhao, Ai; Wang, Meichen; Wu, Wei; Tan, Shengjie; Guo, Mofan; Zhang, Yumei

doi:10.1186/s12872-018-0926-x

Table 4 General characteristics of participants and the distribution of MetS and its components of CHNS

From: Using an introduced index to assess the association between food diversity and metabolic syndrome and its components in Chinese adults

Factor	Group	N	Elevated WC		Elevated fasting glucose		Elevated blood pressure		Elevated TC		Reduced HDL		MetS
Factor	Group	N	%	P	%	P	%	P	%	P	%	P	%	P
Total		2398	36.2		33.1		33.3		36.2		28.1		27.3
Gender	Male	1106	37	0.485	35.5	0.018	36.7	<0.001	42	<0.001	21.3	<0.001	28.7	0.171
Gender	Female	1292	35.6	0.485	31	0.018	30.3	<0.001	31.2	<0.001	33.9	<0.001	26.2	0.171
Age	18~ 44.9 years	742	22.8	<0.001	20.1	<0.001	10	<0.001	32.1	0.014	28	0.935	14.3	<0.001
	45~ 54.9 years	608	33.7		31.7		27.1		36.3		27.6		23.8
	55~ 64.9 years	496	45.4		40.7		42.5		40.9		29.2		35.9
	≥65 years	552	48.9		45.1		63		37.3		27.7		40.9
Educational attainment	Illiterate	192	52.1	<0.001	42.7	<0.001	61.5	<0.001	32.8	0.311	29.2	0.929	40.6	<0.001
	Middle school or lower	1145	40.1		37.7		36		37.8		28.6		30.9
	High school or professional training education	755	28.1		26		27.3		34.3		27.7		20.4
	Undergraduate education or higher	303	32.3		27.1		20.1		37.3		27.1		22.8
Drinking behavior	No	1646	36.6	0.614	33.4	0.661	33.8	0.441	34	<0.001	30.9	<0.001	27.7	0.527
Drinking behavior	Yes	752	35.5	0.614	32.4	0.661	32.2	0.441	41	<0.001	21.9	<0.001	26.5	0.527
Smoking behavior	Never smoked	1735	36.7	0.788	32	0.226	31.9	<0.001	33.8	<0.001	30.5	<0.001	26.5	0.332
	Former smoker	83	34.9		36.1		55.4		38.6		19.3		31.3
	Current smoker	580	35.2		35.7		34.1		42.9		22.1		29.1
BMI	<18.5 kg/m2	116	2.6	<0.001	17.2	<0.001	15.5	<0.001	9.5	<0.001	17.2	<0.001	2.6	<0.001
	18.5~ 24.0 kg/m2	1221	14.2		26.9		25.6		28.3		23.8		14.9
	24.0~ 28.0 kg/m2	779	56.6		38.5		41.1		45.7		30.8		37.7
	≥28.0 kg/m2	264	92.8		53		52.7		55.7		44.7		64.8
Physical activity^a	Sedentary group	1132	43.3	<0.001	38.3	<0.001	42.8	<0.001	38.1	0.356	29.2	0.225	33.9	<0.001
	T1	463	31.3		29.8		30.9		34.8		27.6		24.4
	T2	544	28.5		27.6		20.6		34.4		28.7		20.4
	T3	258	30.6		27.9		22.9		34.5		22.9		18.2
Energy intake^b	Q1	691	35.6	0.442	34.6	0.622	37.5	0.023	34.7	0.152	30	0.093	28.7	0.752
	Q2	678	37.5		32		33.3		35.3		28.6		26.5
	Q3	580	34		33.8		29.8		40.2		29		27.6
	Q4	449	38.3		31.4		31.2		34.7		23.4		26.1
HFD-index^c	Q1	479	40.3	0.013	36.1	0.141	31.9	0.668	39.2	0.265	25.9	0.275	28.8	0.046
	Q2	519	39.5		35.3		35.1		37.6		27.6		30.3
	Q3	579	35.1		31.8		34		35.2		31.1		28.3
	Q4	821	32.6		30.8		32.4		34.2		27.6		23.9

Note:^aSubjects who only reported sedentary behaviors were classified as Sedentary group, the others were trisected into three groups (T1, T2 and T3) according to the calculated metabolic equivalents (MET)/d from the smallest to the highest;
^bEnergy intakes were quadrisected into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) from the smallest to the highest;
^cChinese HFD-Index values were quadrisected into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) from the smallest to the highest

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