Table 2 Predictors of medication non-adherence among hypertensive patients in univariate and multivariate logistic regression
Variables | Non-adherent | OR | 95% CI | p-value | AOR | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (N = 122) | No (N = 61) | |||||||
Age (in years) Mean (SD) | 57.0 (12.3) | 53.8 (12.2) | 1.02 | 1.0–1.04 | 0.108 | 1.02 | 0.98–1.06 | 0.264 |
Gender | ||||||||
 Male | 48 (39.3) | 17 (26.2) | 1.7 | 0.9–3.3 | 0.128 | 1.1 | 0.4–2.6 | 0.814 |
 Female | 74 (60.7) | 44 (72.1) | Ref |  |  |  |  |  |
Marital status | ||||||||
 Single | 11 (9.0) | 6 (9.8) | Ref |  |  | – |  |  |
 Married | 86 (70.5) | 40 (65.6) | 0.9 | 0.3–3.0 | 0.857 |  |  |  |
 Divorced | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.6) | 0.8 | 0.4–1.6 | 0.489 |  |  |  |
 Widow/Widower | 23 (18.9) | 14 (23.0) | 0.9 | 0.1–9.9 | 0.877 |  |  |  |
Level of education | ||||||||
 None | 47 (38.5) | 25 (41.0) | Ref |  |  | – |  |  |
 Primary | 44 (36.1) | 23 (37.7) | 1.0 | 0.5–2.0 | 0.961 |  |  |  |
 Secondary | 21 (17.2) | 10 (16.4) | 1.1 | 0.5–2.7 | 0.809 |  |  |  |
 Tertiary | 10 (8.2) | 3 (4.9) | 1.8 | 0.4–7.0 | 0.415 |  |  |  |
Employment status | ||||||||
 Unemployed | 63 (51.6) | 25 (41.0) | 1.5 | 0.8–2.9 | 0.175 | 1.4 | 0.3–1.6 | 0.477 |
 Employed | 59 (48.4) | 36 (59.0) | Ref |  |  |  |  |  |
Occupational status | ||||||||
 Low | 38 (64.4) | 23 (63.9) | 0.8 | 0.3–2.5 | 0.735 | – |  |  |
 Medium | 9 (15.3) | 7 (19.4) | 0.6 | 0.2–2.6 | 0.534 |  |  |  |
 High | 12 (20.3) | 6 (16.7) | Ref |  |  |  |  |  |
Daily dose frequency | ||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 1.7 (0.6) | 1.4 (0.6) | 2.6 | 1.4–4.6 | 0.001* | 2.5 | 1.2–5.6 | 0.021* |
Number of antihypertensive | ||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 1.7 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.6) | 2.5 | 1.4–4.3 | 0.001* | 1.3 | 0.6–2.9 | 0.477 |
Duration of treatment (in years) | ||||||||
 Mean (SD) | 3.1 (1.3) | 2.8 (1.4) | 0.2 | 0.9–1.5 | 0.215 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.3 | 0.590 |
Forgetfulness | ||||||||
 Yes | 86 (72.3) | 13 (21.7) | 10.0 | 5.1–20.2 | <  0.001* | 7.9 | 3.0–20.8 | <  0.001* |
 No | 33 (27.7) | 47 (78.3) | Ref |  |  | Ref |  |  |
Lack of funds | ||||||||
 Yes | 67 (56.3) | 18 (29.5) | 3.3 | 1.7–5.0 | 0.001* | 2.8 | 1.1–6.9 | 0.024* |
 No | 52 (43.7) | 43 (70.5) | Ref |  |  | Ref |  |  |
Busy schedule | ||||||||
 Yes | 44 (37.0) | 8 (13.3) | 3.3 | 1.7–10.1 | 0.002* | 2.0 | 0.6–6.5 | 0.247 |
 No | 75 (63.0) | 52 (86.7) | Ref |  |  | Ref |  |  |
Experiencing side effects | ||||||||
 Yes | 40 (33.6) | 3 (4.8) | 10.2 | 2.5–25.1 | < 0.001* | 7.6 | 1.7–33.0 | 0.007* |
 No | 79 (66.4) | 58 (95.1) | Ref |  |  | Ref |  |  |
Belief in the efficacy of the drug | ||||||||
 Yes | 102 (85.7) | 57 (95.0) | 0.3 | 0.1–1.1 | 0.075 | 4.9 | 0.9–26.9 | 0.066 |
 No | 17 (14.3) | 3 (5.0) | Ref |  |  | Ref |  |  |
Herbs | ||||||||
 Yes | 25 (21.0) | 13 (22.0) | 1.1 | 0.5–2.3 | 0.875 | – |  |  |
 No | 94 (79.0) | 46 (78.0) | Ref |  |  |  |  |  |
Taste and smell of the drug | ||||||||
 Yes | 1 (1.7) | 3 (2.5) | 0.7 | 0.1–6.5 | 0.717 | – |  |  |
 No | 59 (98.3) | 116 (97.5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |