Table 1 ᅟ
Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases | Hypertension treatment | thiazide diuretics, selective β1-blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) |
Dyslipidaemia treatment | statins | |
Platelet inhibition | acetylsalicylic acid, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor inhibitors | |
Treatment of acute cardiovascular events | Ischemic stroke | thrombolytic agents including streptokinase and urokinase as well as recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (rt-PAs), platelet inhibitors (acetyl salicylic acid or ADP-receptor blockers) |
Stable ischemic heart disease | Angina attack treatment: nitroglycerin Prophylaxis angina pectoris attacks: selective β1-blockers, long-acting nitrates, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers | |
Acute coronary syndrome | nitrates, morphine, selective β1-blockers, acetyl salicylic acid, ADP-receptor blockers, heparin-like medicines (including unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparins (LMWH)), thrombolytic agents Management of further complications of ACS: Ventricular fibrillation: lidocaine, Bradycardia: atropine, Cardiogenic shock: dopamine | |
Heart failure | loop diuretics, RAAS inhibitors, selective β1-blockers, aldosteron antagonists, digitalis glycosides, dopamine or dobutamine or milrinone | |
Atrial fibrillation | oral anticoagulants including vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) Frequency control: selective β1-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, digitalis glycosides (in case of atrial fibrillation plus heart failure) Rhythm control: pharmacological cardioversion: flecainide, dofetilide, propafenone, ibutilide, amiodarone maintaining sinus rhythm: amiodarone, dofetilide, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone, sotalol | |
Peripheral arterial disease (Intermittent claudication) | cilostazol or naftidrofuryl (for relief of ischemic complaints) | |
Acute limb ischemia | heparin, thrombolytic agents, platelet inhibitors |