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Table 2 Main data sources and definition of HF in the included studies

From: Cost-of-illness studies in heart failure: a systematic review 2004–2016

Study

Main data sources

Definition of HF

Voigt, 2014 [35]

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

National Association for Home Care & Hospice (NAHC)

National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS)

National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS)

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)

ICD-9 (428.x, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91, 398.91, 404.01, 404.11, 404.91, 416.9, 425.4, 518.4, 786)

Corrao, 2014 [33]

Italian National Health System (NHS) database from Lombardy

ICD-9 (428, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91)

Czech, 2013 [36]

Medical data from randomly selected outpatient units and inpatient facilities linked with patient interview data (POLKARD study)

Delgado, 2013

Medical records from specialized cardiology clinics, questionnaires and interviews (patients and caregivers)

Symptomatic patients (NYHA II-IV) with a diagnosis of HF at least 6 months previously

Dunlay, 2011 [34]

Medical records and billing data from Olmsted County Healthcare Expenditure and Utilization Database (OCHEUD), a population-based database in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA

ICD-9 (428)

Bogner, 2010 [24]

Administrative database of a large urban academic health care system

Medicare claims database

ICD-9 (428.0, 428.1, 428.9, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91)

Zugck, 2010 [30]

Database of the public health insurance, cohort selected by randomly prescribed date of birth

Federal Office of Statistics, Germany

ICD-10 (I50)

Neumann, 2009 [29]

Federal Office of Statistics, Germany

ICD-10 (I50)

Liao, 2007 [23]

Liao, 2006 [25]

Cardiovascular Health Study (prospective, community-based, observational study)

Medicare linked files

Hospitalization for HF or self-report of a physician diagnosis of HF

Agvall, 2005 [28]

Hospital records from two healthcare centers

Swedish National Medical Agency price list

ICD-10 (I50)

Ory, 2005 [26]

Longitudinal database of Prescription Solutions,

a pharmacy benefit and medical management organization

ICD-9 (398.91, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91, 404.01, 404.03, 404.11, 404.91)

Stafylas, 2016

EURObservational Research Programme: The Heart Failure Pilot Survey (ESC-HF Pilot)

EOPYY- Greek National Organization for Health Care Provision

Hospitalization for HF or HF diagnosis according to clinical judgement of the responsible cardiologist

Lee, 2016 [31]

Claims data from the National Health Insurance (NHI)

Claims data from Medical Aid (MA)

ICD-10 (I11.0, I13.0, I13.2, I50.x)

Murphy, 2016

National Casemix Program, patient interviews, hospital records

ICD-10

Ogah, 2014 [32]

Abeokuta HF registry (hospital registry), patient interviews

ICD-10